Title: A Study on Effect of Anaemia on Leucocyte and Platelet Counts in Anaemic and Non Anaemic Young Females at RIMS, Raichur
Authors: Dr Ayesha Anjum, Dr Vijay Krishna K, Dr Shivanand K.G
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v3i9.27
Background: Nutritional Anaemia is most common nutritional disorder worldwide, and iron deficiency is documented to be the cause in most of the cases. In developing countries, like India, adolescent population is highly vulnerable to suffer iron deficient state. This is mostly due to deficiency of iron, folic acid, zinc and copper etc. It is known that deficiency of these elements affects development and functions of blood cells like impairment of immunity, hampering bactericidal actions of polymorphs; macrophages etc. It is evident from many studies that, anaemia induced hypoxia and ischemia alters leucocytes counts, on other hand, with respect to platelet, thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia can occur. Thus the aim of this study is to evaluate how anaemic status affects leucocytes and platelet counts in anaemic young females, so that early intervention can avoid further complications. Materials and methods: The study was done at Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences.20 healthy young females of age group 18-23 years, with haemoglobin level >12gm% were taken as control group. Another set of females of age group 18-23 years, with haemoglobin level less than 6gm% since two months were taken as study group. Leucocyte and platelet count was done using automated cell counter. Unpaired t test was applied for statistical analysis. p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Result: Hb concentration in anaemic females was 5.52± 1.72 gm% as compared to 13.62±1.10 in control subjects, which was highly significant (p<0.01).TLC was high in study group, but no statistical significance (p>0.05).On DLC there was significant rise in neutrophil and basophil counts. Platelet count was significantly low in anaemic subjects (p<0.05).Lymphocyte count was not much altered in anaemic groups. Conclusion: uses an increase in neutrophil count, but does not significantly increase the total leucocyte count thus, increasing, N/L ratio. It causes a significant decrease in platelet counts. Thus rendering anaemic individuals at risk of ischemic diseases. Keywords: anaemia, leucocyte count, platelet count, haemoglobin.
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