Abstract
Introduction: Renal biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of renal tissue is obtained for diagnosis of renal diseases. Major complications of renal biopsy include gross hematuria or retroperitoneal hematoma requiring blood transfusion, invasive procedure or surgical intervention and rarely sepsis.
Aims and Objectives:-To study the complications of renal biopsy.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective study 345 patients underwent renal biopsy over 2.5 years from 2009 to 2012.
Results: In this prospective study 345 renal biopsies were performed in 210 males (60.9%) and 135 females (39.1%). The mean age of males were 36 ± 14.3 and in females mean age was 29.6 + 12.8 the most common age group biopsied was between 19-45yrs of age both among males (58.6%) and females (66.7) respectively. The number of patients below 18yrs of age were 63 (18.3%), 33 male and 30 female. Patients above the age of 45 were 69 (20%) 54 males and 15 females. Pain was the most common complication in our study out of 345 patients 141 (40.9%) complained of some sort of pain during initial 24hrs of hospital stay. Second most common complication was gross hematuria 69 patients (20%), hematoma in 9.3%, pylonephritis in 0.9%, AV fistula 0.9%. There was increased incidence of gross hematuria and hypotension in patients with prolonged prothrombin time with P value=0.035.
Conclusion: The complications do occur with renal biopsy, but with proper pre and post procedure management they can be reduced significantly if not eliminated at all. In our study prolonged prothrombin time was associated with increased risk of hypotension and hematuria.
Keywords:-Renal, biopsy, complications.
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i10.51
