Abstract

Background & Aims

Disorders of thyroid gland are among the most common endocrine disorder. The neurologic disorders associated with thyroid dysfunction span the entire spectrum of neurology. Symptoms range from disorders of emotion and higher cognitive function to movement disorders, neuromuscular diseases and a range of rarer yet significant neurologic sequalae. Myopathy is the most common of the peripheral neurologic manifestations in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.  Compressive mononeuro-pathies, namely carpal tunnel syndrome, are a major feature in hypothyroidism. At the level of the central nervous system, psychosis, personality change, mood disorder, confusion, dementia, coma, and seizures can occur in either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Movement disorders occur in hyperthyroidism, whereas ataxia and headaches are associated with hypothyroidism.