Background: Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading cause of death and major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The incidence of acute ischemic stroke is increasing with gradual increase in obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other cardiac problem.

Methods: After obtaining approval from institutional ethical committee, a hospital based prospective and observational study was conducted on 100 patients of acute ischemic stroke admitted in Department of Medicine, Govt. Medical College & Associated M.B.S. Hospital, Kota from 2018 to 2020.

Results: In our study, stroke was predominant in the males (69%) and in the age group of 61-70 years (36%). Left hemiparesis was the main focal neurological deficit (48%) and MCA territory infarct (65%) was the most common CT scan/MRI finding. Hypertension was the most common risk factor (64%) followed by smoking (59%), hyperlipidemia (48%), diabetes mellitus (31%) and alcoholism (27%).

Conclusion: After studying the epidemiology, clinical presentation and various risk factors of acute ischemic stroke, it can be stated that the early recognition of risk factors and taking appropriate measures to prevent it is the only way to reduce the burden of this disabling disease.

Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, epidemiology, hemiplegia.

1. Smith WS, English JD, Johnson SC. Cerebrovascular Diseases. In: Favei AS, Bravnald E, Kasper DL, Hsusor SL, Longo   DL,   Joneson   J,      Harrison’s   principles   of   internal   medicine. 17^th ed.USA:   McGraw   Hills; 2008.p.2513-35.
2. Charles W. Disorders of cerebral circulation. In:Walton John, ed. Brain’s Diseases of The Nervous system, 10th edition.Oxford: Oxford University Press,2000:197-265.
3. Benerjee TK,   Mukharjee   CS,   Sarkhel     Stroke   in   urban   population   of   Calcutta–An   epidemiological   study, Neuroepidemiology, 2001:2(3):201-07.
4. Agarwal JK, Somani PM, Katiyar BC. A study of risk factors in nonembolic cerebrovascular diseases. Neurol India 1976:24:125-33.
5. Siddique AN, Nur Z, Mahbub S, Alam B, Miah T. Clinical presentation and epidemiology of stroke-a study of 100cases. J Medicine 2009;10:86-9.
6. Yasuhiro M, Syoichiro K, Tanaka T, Narai H, Omori N. High blood pressure in acute ischemic stroke and clinical outcome. Neurol Intern 2009;1(1):1
7. Gresham GE, Fitzpatric TE, Wolf PA .Residual disability in survivors of stroke-The Framingham study.N Engl J Med, 1975:293:454-56.
8. Kaul S,   Venketshwamy      Frequency,   clinical   features   and   risk   factors   of   lacunar   infarction.  Neurol   India, 2000;48(2):116-19.

Dr Nikhil Gandhi

Resident Doctor (Third Year), Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan