Abstract
Introduction: Catathrenia is a rare, idiopathic, sleep-related respiratory condition characterized by irregular groans, which occur during prolonged expiration in sleep. The origins of Catathrenia remain inexplicable and the long-term prognosis unexplained.
Case Report: We report a case of Catathrenia with concurrent Obstructive Sleep Apnea complicated with pulmonary hypertension and treat the case with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP).
Discussion: Treatment with Nasal CPAP resulted in marked improvement of Catathrenia obstructive sleep apnea, daytime dyspnea and respiratory failure for our patient. We think that nasal continuous positive airway pressure can be an option for the treatment of this case and more better outcomes on Dyspnea and respiratory failure are expected if done on large population with periodic follow up.
Keywords: Catathrenia, Nocturnal Groaning, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Pulmonary Hypertension.
References
- De Roek J, Van Hoof E, Cluydts R (1983) Sleep-related expiratory groaning. A case report. J Sleep Res 12:237
- American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2005) International classification of sleep disorders, diagnostic and coding manual, 2nd edn. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester, IL, pp 165–167
- Victor LD (1999) Obstructive sleep apnea. Am Fam Physician 60:2279–2286
- Ogawa A, Emori T, Sumita W et al (2006) Continuous positive airway pressure ameliorated severe pulmonary hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Acta Med Okayama 60 (3):191–195
- Sajkov D, Wang T, Saunders NA et al (1999) Daytime pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea without lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:1518–1526
- Faller DV (1999) Endothelial cell responses to hypoxic stress. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 26:74–84
- Yock PG, Popp RL (1984) Noninvasive estimation of right ventricular systolic pressure by Doppler ultrasound in patients with tricuspid regurgitation. Circulation 70:657–662
- Rechtschaffen A, Kales A (1968) A manual of standardized terminology, techniques, and scoring systems for sleep stages of human subjects. Brain Information/Brain Research Institute UCLA, Los Angeles
- American Sleep Disorders Association—The Atlas Task Force (1992) EEG arousals: scoring rules and examples. Sleep 15:174–184
- Vetrugno R et al (2001) Catathrenia (nocturnal groaning): a new type of parasomnia. Neurology 56(5):681–683
- Pevernagie DA, Boon PA, Mariman ANN et al (2001) Vocalization during episodes of prolonged expiration: a parasomnia related to REM sleep. Sleep Med 2:19–30
- Brunner DP, Gonzalez HL (2004) Catathrenia: a rare parasomnia with prolonged groaning during clusters of central or mixed apneas. J Sleep Res 13:107
- Presberg K, Dincer HE (2003) Pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 9:131–138
- Fletcher EC (1990) Chronic lung disease in the sleep apnea syndrome. Lung 168(Suppl):751–761
Corresponding Author
Dr Tabassum Saher
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, SGT University, Gurugram
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i9.108
