Abstract
Introduction
In the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problems, tenth revision, 1992 (ICD-10), World Health Organization (WHO) defines maternal death as the death of a woman during pregnancy or within forty two days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the site and duration of pregnancy, from any cause aggravated by or related to pregnancy or its management but not from incidental or accidental causes.1
In 2010 it was estimated that 278,000 women died from pregnancy related complications. The enormity of the matter was brought into focus with the launch of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in September 2000. MDG 5 strived to improve maternal health by reducing maternal mortality by 75% and achieve universal access to maternal health services by 2015.2
Maternal mortality ratio is defined as the ratio of number of maternal deaths in a given period of time to the number of live births during the same period of time. The global maternal mortality ratio decreased from 385 deaths per 1,00,000 live births in 1990, to 216 in 2015, corresponding to a 43.9% decline and an annual continuous rate of reduction of 2.3%.3 In India the maternal mortality ratio has declined from 556 in 1990 to 174 in 2015. Annual rate of reduction from 1990 to 2015 has been 4.6%.1
India has made a significant progress in improving the overall health status of its population, but it is far from satisfaction.4Most maternal deaths and pregnancy complications can be prevented if pregnant women have access to good quality antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care, and if certain harmful birth practices are avoided.5
Studying trends in maternal deaths could help redirect efforts to tackle the prevailing dominant causes of these deaths in local settings. The aim of the present study was to determine the trend in maternal mortality at Goa medical college over a 10-year period and determine the specific causes of death.
References
- World health organisation, UNICEF, UNFPA, Worldbank. Trends in maternal mortality 1990-2010. Geneva: World health organisation, 2012.
- Amie Wilson. Interventions to reduce maternal mortality in developing countries: A systematic synthesis of a evidence. University of Birmingham research archive. The University of Birmingham, August 2013.
- WHO: Health statistics and information systems. Maternal Mortality Ratio.
- Estimates of maternal mortality ratios in India and its states: a pilot study. ICMR, July 2003.
- K.P. Joshi et al. An epidemiological study of social factors associated with maternal mortality. Indian journal of community health, Vol 23, no. 2, 2011.
- Ibrahim Isa A et al. The burden of maternal mortality in a semi urban Nigerian town: Five year experience. International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Vol. 2 (12), pp. 301-306, December, 2012.
- Pal Amitava et al. Review of changing trends in maternal mortality in a rural medical college in West Bengal. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India Vol. 55, No. 6; November/December 2005, 521-524.
- Dilpreet Kaur et al. Alarmingly High Maternal Mortality in 21st Century. JK Science, Vol. 9 No. 3, July-September 2007.
- Eusibious W. Maro et al. Ten years trend in maternal mortality at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center Tanzania, 2003–2012: A descriptive retrospective tertiary hospital based study. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction. Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016, Pages 214–220.
- Shah et al. Maternal Mortality at a Tertiary Institute: A five year study. Bombay Hospital Journal, Vol. 53, No. 2, 2011.
- Verma Ashok et al. A study on Maternal Mortality. The journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, Vol. 58, May/June 2008.
- Beena George et al. A 10 Year Retrospective Study of Maternal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Centre in North Kerala. Paripex - Indian Journal of Research, Volume: 5 | Issue: 4 | April 2016.
- Rashmi Singh et al. Pattern of Maternal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Patna, Bihar. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 2009 Jan; 34(1): 73–74
- National Family Health Survey-4, 2015 -16. State Fact Sheet, Goa. By International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai
- O. Okusanya et al. Maternal deaths: initial report of an on-going monitoring of maternal deaths at the Federal Medical Centre Katsina, Northwest Nigeria. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 2013; 26(9): 885–888.
- Khansa et al. Risk Factors of Maternal Mortality. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC); 2014;18(1):136-138.
- Naheed Bano et al. A study of maternal mortality in 8 principal hospitals in Pakistan in 2009. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 114 (2011) 255–259.
- Sahaja Kittur et al. A study of maternal mortality at the teaching hospital, Hubli, Karnataka. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2013 Mar;2(1):74-79.
- Shannon Fernandes et al. Maternal Mortality At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India: 10 Year Retrospective Study. International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, July 2015,Vol-4;Issue-3.
- Varsha N. Patil et al. Maternal Mortality-A Challenge?. Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, Vol. 2, No. 1, Jan-June 2013.
- Surat Zaman et al. Maternal mortality at a rural medical college of Assam: a retrospective study. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Barpeta, 1(1): 46-51.
- Lale Say et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. The Lancet, Vol 2, No. 6, June 2014.
- Monica soni et al. Causes of maternal mortality: our scenario. Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sept. – Dec. 2013;5(3):96-98.
- Jadhav CA et al. Maternal Mortality: Five Year Experience in Tertiary Care Centre. Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research; June 2013: Issue-7, Vol.-2, P. 702-709.
Corresponding Author
Queena Sheryl Dsouza
Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i9.15
