Title: Salivary Urea Creatinine and GFR Estimation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Aravind. P.S., Manokaran .C
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i3.135
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years. Causes of chronic kidney disease include Diabetes Mellitus, Systemic Hypertension, Glomerulonephritis, and Polycystic Kidney Disease with family history of Chronic kidney Disease. Blood urea and serum creatinine is important in normal functioning of the kidney and estimation of both blood urea and serum creatinine helps in diagnosis of CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Serum analysis is an invasive and painful procedure. It would be highly beneficial if a noninvasive alternative process to serum analysis were identified1. Saliva can be collected noninvasively, repeatedly, and without the use of healthcare personnel. In this study we compare serum and salivary urea and creatinine levels in patients with CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE and AGE AND SEX matched healthy controls, and to determine if salivary creatinine and urea levels can be used to diagnose CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Blood urea and creatinine, Salivary urea and creatinine.
References
- Nunes S, Alessandro L, Mussavira S, Sukumaran Bindhu O. Clinical and diagnostic utility of saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic fluid: a systematic review. Biochemiamedica: Biochemiam-edica. 2015 Jun 15;25(2):177-92.
- Renda R. Can salivary creatinine and urea levels be used to diagnose chronic kidney disease in children as accurately as serum creatinine and urea levels? A case–control study. Renal Failure. 2017 Jan 1;39(1): 452.
- Nagarathinam AE, Kumar TD, Kumar AR, Vasanthira K, Lakshmi RS, Jayant VS. Salivary Urea and Creatinine as a Diagn-ostic Marker of Chronic Kidney Disease.
- Venkatapathy R, Govindarajan V, Oza N, Parameswaran S, Pennagaram Dhanasekaran B, Prashad KV. Salivary creatinine estimation as an alternative to serum creatinine in chronic kidney disease patients. International journal of nephrology. 2014 April10;2014.
- Lasisi TJ, Raji YR, Salako BL. Salivary creatinine and urea analysis in patients with chronic kidney disease: a case control study. BMC nephrology. 2016 Jan 16;17(1):10.
- Seethalakshmi C, Koteeswaran D, Chiranjeevi V. Correlation of serum and salivary biochemical parameters in end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in pre and post-dialysis state. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2014 Dec;8(12):CC12.