Abstract
Introduction
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an uncommon subtype of breast cancer which lacks both hormone receptors (Estrogen receptor and Progestrone receptor) as well as Human epidermal growth factor receptor – 2. The lack of these receptors makes its prognosis challenging as neither hormonal therapy nor anti Her-2 targetted therapy serves as a treatment option. As a result TNBC accounts for a disproportionate number of breast cancer deaths, majority studies indicate a negative impact of triple negative phenotype on patient prognosis1,2,3. Importantly the prognostic effect of TNBC is independent of poor grade, nodal status, tumor size and treatment4. The aggressiveness of TNBC is further indicated by the fact that the peak recurrence occurs within the first 3 years after initial treatment of the disease with the majority of deaths occurring in the first 5 years5 and after diagnosis of metastatic disease a significantly shorter survival was observed in TNBC6,7. Conversely the risk for late recurrences i.e. beyond five years of diagnosis is decreased by 50% compared to hormone receptor positive disease8. However differences between TNBC and non-TNBC regarding overall survival wears off at 10 years of follow up.
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Corresponding Author
Wani Shahid Bashir
Senior Resident, Radiation Oncology Skims
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i12.151
