Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the hypothesis that papain gel at concentrations of 8% and 10% prior to orthodontic bonding increases shear bond strength.
Materials and Method: 30 pre-molar teeth extracted for orthodontic purpose were divided into three groups [n=10]. Group I acted as a control in which brackets were bonded with Trans bond XT [3M Unitek], group II and group III were treated with 8% and 10% papain gel respectively prior to bracket bonding with Trans bond XT. The bonded samples were then stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours at room temperature. Samples were subjected to mechanical testing in Universal Instrom Testing Machine. The values obtained were submitted to Analysis of Variance and post-hoc Tukey test.
Results: Highest bond strength values were seen in group III in which 10% papain gel was applied before bonding; then followed by control group.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that application of 10% papain gel can increases bond strength of brackets when compared to conventional bonding procedure with Trans bond XT.
Keywords: Effects of papain gel, Orthodontic bracket bonding, Papain gel, Shear bond strength.
References
- Gorelick L, Geiger AM, Gwinnett AJ. Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod. 1982;81: 93–8.
- Sudjalim TR, Woods MG, Manton DJ. Prevention of white spot lesions in orthodontic practice: a contemporary review. Aust Dent J 2006;51:284-9.
- Livas C, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Bronkhorst E, Derks A, Katsaros C. Quantification of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets with image analysis. Angle Orthod. 2008; 78:585–90.
- Bishara SE, Ostby AW. White spot lesions: formation, prevention and treatment. Semin Orthod. 2008; 14:174–82.
- Ogaard B. Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19-year-olds: a study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;96:423-7.
- Julien KC, Buschang PH, Campbell PM. Prevalance of white spot lesion formation during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:641–7.
- Justus R, Cubero T, Ondarza R, Morales F. A new technique with sodium hypochlorite to increase bracket shear bond strength of fluoride-releasing resin-modified glass ionomer cements: comparing shear bond strength of two adhesive systems with enamel surface deproteinization before etching. Semin Orthod. 2010;16:66–75.
- dos Santos RL, Pithon MM, Vaitsman DS, Araujo MT, de Souza MM, Nojima MG. Long-term fluoride release from resin-reinforced orthodontic cements following recharge with fluoride solution. Braz Dent J. 2010; 21:98–103.
- Pithon MM, Dos Santos RL, de Oliveira MV, Ruellas AC, Romano FL. Metallic brackets bonded with resin-reinforced glass ionomer cements under different enamel conditions. Angle Orthod. 2006; 76:700–04.
- Geiger AM, Gorelick L, Gwinnett AJ, Benson BJ. Reducing white spot lesions in orthodontic populations with fluoride rinsing. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992;101:403-7.
- De-Deus G, Souza EM, Marins JR, Reis C, Paciornik S, Zehnder M. Smear layer dissolution by peracetic acid of low concentration. Int Endod J.2011;44:485–90.
- De Munck J, Ermis RB, Koshiro K, Inoue S, Ikeda T, Sano H, Van Landuyt KL, Van Meerbeek B. NaOCl degradation of a HEMA-free all-in-one adhesive bonded to enamel and dentin following two air-blowing techniques. J Dent. 2007;35:74–83.
- Medi Team Annual Report. Stockholm, Sweden: Medi Team Dentalutveckling I Göteborg; 1998.
- Maragakis GM, Hahn P, Hellwig E. Clinical evaluation of chemomechanical caries rem-oval in primary molars and its acceptance by patients. Caries Res 2001;35:205-10.
- Bussadori SK, Castro LC, Galvao AC. Papain gel: A new chemo-mechanical caries removal agent. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2005;30:115-9.
- Bruno LH, Guedes CC, Motta LJ, Santos EM, Bussadori SK. Comparacion entre la utilizacion de elementos rotatorios de baja velocidad y tratamiento quımico mecanico de caries dentinal en denticion decidua. Acta OdontologicaVenezolana.2009;47:1–9
- Piva E, Ogliari FA, Moraes RR, Cora F, Henn S, Correr- Sobrinho L. Papain-based gel for biochemical caries removal: influence on microtensile bond strength to dentin. Braz Oral Res. 2008;22:364–370.
- Motta LJ, Martins MD, Porta KP, Bussadori SK. Aesthetic restoration of deciduous anterior teeth after removal of carious tissue with Papacarie. Indian J Dent Res. 2009;20: 117–20.
- Artun J, Bergland S. Clinical trials with crystal growth conditioning as an alternative to acid-etch enamel pretreatment. Am J Orthod. 1984;85(4):333-40.
- Leao Filho JCB, Braz AKS, De Souza TR, De Araujo RE, Pithon MM, Tanaka OM. Optical coherence tomography for de-bonding evaluation: An in-vitro qualitative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013;143(1):61-8.
- Pithon MM, de Oliveira Ruellas AC, Sant'Anna EF, de Oliveira MV, Alves Bernardes LA. Shear bond strength of brackets bonded to enamel with a self-etching primer: effects of increasing storage time after activation. Angle Orthod. 2009; 79:133–7.
- Bishara SE, Ostby AW. White spot lesions: formation, prevention, and treatment. Semin Orthod. 2008;14:174–82.
- Pithon MM, Ferraz CS, Oliveira GC, Pereira TBJ, Oliveira DD, de Souza RA et al. Effect of 10% papain gel on enamel deproteinization before bonding procedure. Angle Orthod 2012;82:541–5.
- Ericson D. In vitro effi cacy of a new gel for chemo-mechanical caries removal. J Dent Res 1998;77:1252.
- Campoy MD, Vicente A, Bravo LA. Effect of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a self-etching primer. Angle Orthod. 2005; 75:865–69.
- Pithon MM, Ferraz CS, Oliveira GC, Santos Effect of different concentrations of papain gel on orthodontic bracket bonding. Progress in Orthodontics 2013, 14:22.
- Hannig C, Hannig M, Attin T. Enzymes in the acquired enamel pellicle. Eur J Oral Sci. 2005;113:2–13.
- Lopes MC, Mascarini RC, da Silva BMCG, Florio FM, Basting RT. Effect of a Papain-based Gel for Chemo-mechanical Caries Removal on Dentin Shear Bond Strength. J Dent Child 2007;74:93-7
Corresponding Author
Dr Sayyed Mohammed Qadri
Plot No 5, Sahil Nagar, Hotgi Road, Post – Tikekarwadi. Solapur – 413 005
Phone No - 0217 2605400, Mobile No- +91 90964 53018
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i12.55
