Title: Comparative Evaluation of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography versus Fundus Fluorescein Angiography for the detection of Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Prof. Veshal Madan, Dr Renu Magdum, Dr Somnath Ghosh
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i10.191
Abstract
Background: Drastic incidence of DME in largest populated nation in world has direct effect on VTDR which is the major cause of irreversible blindness in DR subjects. Therefore, the need for reliable, safe and real time detection of DME is an utmost need for detection and prevention of the disease. Hence, the purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of two well known diagnostic tools, SD-OCT & FFA for the detection of DME.
Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 308 eyes of 154 type II DM patients to compare the detection potential between two popular Retinal Diagnostic Techniques, SD-OCT and FFA for DME. The parameters such as focal macular edema, diffuse macular edema and mixed edema were evaluated with FFA. Afterwards, IR edema, sub retinal fluid and mixed edema were diagnosed with SD-OCT for the same pool of patients. Clinical features in DME using reference ‘EDTRS’ scale of measurement.
Results: Noninvasively 305 (99.1%) eyes were detected positive for various type of DME by SD-OCT similarly 282 (91.6) eyes were detected positive by FFA. The prevalence of different types of DME such as cystoids, diffuse, focal and mixed was 7.8%, 13%, 7.1% and 63.7% as diagnosed with FFA. Whereas, SRF, IR edema and mixed was 4.9%, 3.6% and 90.6% as diagnosed with SD-OCT. DME was not detected by FFA 8.4% of overall study population. Whereas, DME was not detected 0.9% eyes by SD-OCT. Overall performance was better in detection of DME with SD-OCT compared to FFA.
Conclusion: The present study showed the efficacy of SD-OCT over FFA in Reliable and safe detection of DME in Type II Diabetic Mellitus patients were significantly more by SD-OCT and was easy and comparable to diagnostic findings of FFA specifically in cases of sub retinal macular as well choroidal edema due DME by SD-OCT.
Keywords: Diabetic Macular Edema, Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Topography, Fundus Fluorescein Angiography.
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