Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the apical sealing ability of AH Plus sealer mixed with either chlorhexidine or cetrimide and combined with both
Materials and Methodology: 80 freshly extracted human single rooted permanent teeth were selected, which are decoronated and the root canals were instrumented. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20) based on sealer used for obturation such as
Group 1: using AH Plus sealer
Group 2: using AH Plus sealer with chlorhexidine
Group 3: using AH Plus sealer with cetrimide
Group 4: using AH Plus sealer with both chlorhexidine and cetrimide
And the specimens in each group were divided into two subgroups (n = 10) based on obturation technique used such as
Subgroup A: obturated with single cone technique
Subgroup B: obturated with thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique using calamus
Apical sealing ability was evaluated using dye penetration method. Teeth were split longitudinally and then horizontally markings are made at 2, 4 and 6 mm from the apex. Dye penetration evaluation was done using stereomicroscope under 30X magnification.
Results: All the statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Comparison of mean dye penetration was done using ANOVA with post-hoc tukey’s test. In all groups, Sub-group B had lower mean dye penetration than subgroup A. There was no significant difference in the mean dye penetration among the 4 groups in subgroup A (p=0.154) and subgroup B (p=0.798).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, there is no significant difference in apical sealing ability of AH Plus sealer when combined with CHX and CTR or both. Thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique with calamus showed better apical sealing ability when compared to single cone obturation technique.
Keywords: AH Plus, cetrimide, chlorhexidine, single cone technique, calamus, apical sealing ability.
References
- Ingle JI, Bakland LK, Baumgartner JC. Ingle’s Endodontics 6th ed. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc; 2008; p. 1053-87.
- Torabinejad M, Handysides R, Khademi AA, Bakland LK. Clinical implications of the smear layer in endodontics: a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002;94:658–66.
- Zhang H, Shen Y, Ruse ND, Haapasalo M. Antibacterial activity of endodontic sealers by modified direct contact test against Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2009;35:1051–5.
- Siqueira JF Jr, Favieri A, Gahyva SM, et al. Antimicrobial activity and flow rate of newer and established root canal sealers. J Endod 2000;26:274–7.
- Leonardo MR, da Silva LA, Almeida WA, Utrilla LS. Tissue response to an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer. Endod Dent Traumatol 1999;15:28–32.
- Neff T, Layman D, Jeansonne BG. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of endodontic sealers exposed to heat before assay. J Endod 2002;28:811–4.
- Tuzuner T, Kusgoz A, Er K, et al. Antibacterial activity and physical properties of conventional glass-ionomer cements containing chlorhexidine diacetate/ cetrimide mixtures. J Esthet Restor Dent 2011;23:46–55.
- Gjorgievska E, Apostolska S, Dimkov A, et al. Incorporation of antimicrobial agents can be used to enhance the antibacterial effect of endodontic sealers. Dent Mater 2013;29:e29–34.
- Estela Bailon-Sanchez, Pilar Baca, Matilde Ruiz-Linare and Carmen Marıa Ferrer-Luque. Antibacterial and Anti-biofilm Activity of AH Plus with Chlorhexidine and Cetrimide. J Endod 2014;40(7):977-81
- Andrea Cardoso Pereira, Celso Kenji Nishiyama, Lidiane de Castro Pinto Single-cone obturation technique: a literature review. 2012 Oct-Dec;9(4):442-7.
- Yee FS, Marlin J, Krakow AA, Gron P. Three-dimensional obturation of the root canal using injection molded, Thermopl-asticized dental gutta percha. J Endod 1977;3:168-73.
- Ray HA, Trope M. Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration. Int Endod J 1995;28:12-8.
- Matilde Ruiz-Linares, Ma Estela Bailon-Sanchez, Pilar Baca, Mariano Valderrama, Carmen Marıa Ferrer-Luque. Physical Properties of AH Plus with Chlorhexidine and Cetrimide. J Endod 2013;39:1611–1614.
- Arias-Moliz MT, et al. The effect of benzalkonium chloride additions to AH Plus sealer. Antimicrobial, physical and chemical properties. Journal of Dentistry 2015.
- Suprit Sudhir Pawar, Madhu Ajay Pujar, Saleem Dadapeer MakandarM. Evaluation of the apical sealing ability of bioceramic sealer, AH plus & epiphany: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2014;17(6):579-582.
- Robberecht L, Colard T, Claisse-Crinquette A. Qualitative evaluation of two endodontic obturation techniques: tapered single-cone method versus warm vertical condensation and injection system. An in vitro study. J Oral Sci. 2012;54(1):99-104.
- Youngson CC, Glyn Jones JC, Manogue M, Smith IS. In vitro dentinal penetration by tracers used in microleakage studies. Int Endod J 1998; 31:90-99.
- Gordon MP, Love RM, Chandler NP. An evaluation of 0.06 tapered gutta-percha cones for filling of 0.06 taper prepared curved root canals. Int Endod J 2005;38:87-96.
- Angerame D, De Biasi M, Pecci R, Bedini R, Tommasin E, Marigo L, et al. Analysis of single point and continuous wave of condensation root filling techniques by micro-computed tomography. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2012;48:35-41.
- Pertot WJ, Simon S (2003) Le traitement endodontique. 3rd ed, Quintessence International, Paris, 107-108. (in French)
- Clifford J. Ruddle. Filling root canal systems the calamus 3D obturation technique. Dentistry today April 2010.
- Chery S Budd, Norman Weller, James C Kulild. A Comparison of Thermoplas-ticized Injectable Gutta-percha Obturation Techniques. J Endod 1991 June; 17(6):260-4.
- Prashanth BR, Vasundhara S. Analysis of percentage of gutta-percha filled area using single cone, continuous wave of compaction, thermafil and obtura II in 0.06 taper prepared canals. Endodontology 2009;21:67-72.
- Natera M, Pileggi R, Nair U. A comparison of two gutta-percha obturation techniques to replicate canal irregularities in a split-tooth model. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Nov;112(5):29-34.
Corresponding Author
Dr Shanti Priya P
Post Graduate student, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery,
Vikarabad, Telangana State, India, 501101
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i10.78
