Title: Study of Cytodiagnosis of Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Lesions: Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Anjali Bode, Rasika Gadkari
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i4.104
Abstract
Skin nodule is a common site presentation in many diseases. Due to easy accessibility it is a preferred site if multiple nodules or masses are present. Fine needle aspiration cytology is increasingly preferred for diagnosis in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion; as it avoids incisional biopsy and acts as quick, less expensive OPD based procedure. This study evaluates accuracy of FNAC as compared to gold standard of Histopathology in diagnosis of skin and subcutaneous lesions.
Material and Method: A total of 352 palpable cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules from different site of body were studied regarding their clinical and cytomorphological features. FNAC was performed. Air-dried smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa and wet fixed (95% ethanol) with haematoxylin and eosin and papanicoloeu stains. They were classified on cytology into inflammatory, benign and malignant neoplastic conditions. The malignant lesions were further typed as primary or secondary. Aspirates found inadequate for interpretation were excluded from the study.
Result: Out of 352 cases 196 were male and 134 were female. There were 41 malignant lesions and 4 inconclusive. Non-neoplastic lesions included keratinous cysts, Hydatid, Filariasis, fungus, Cysticercosis and reactive lymphadenitis etc. Primary malignancies included squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, plasmacytoma, pleomorphic sarcoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma. Of 5 metastatic lesions, three were from lung, one from thyroid and one with unknown primary. Out of 41 malignant lesions histopathology was available in 16 cases and all correlated cytologically.
Conclusion: FNAC offers rapid diagnosis in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, ruling out malignancy in benign conditions and typing of the malignancies which help in management.
Keywords: FNAC, cutaneous, subcutaneous lesions.
