Title: Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Maharashtra
Authors: Dr Pratik Yadav, Dr G G Joag2 Dr C D Aundhakar
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.65
Abstract
Introduction: Hypocalcemia is a frequently observed clinical and laboratory abnormality in neonates. Magnesium and calcium metabolism are closely related. The intestinal absorption and the renal excretion of the two ions are interdependent. Association of hypomagnesemia with calcium deficiency is a known disorder in neonates which needs immediate attention. While most cases occur along with calcium deficiency, there are a sizeable number of cases which have primary magnesium deficiency.
Aim and Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia, study the correlation of hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia with clinical status of the baby and study the risk factors associated with hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia in a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methodology: This was an analytical observational cross sectional study conducted in Krishna hospital, Karad. 400 babies who were born consecutively in Obstetrics department of Krishna Hospital, and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were studied. Babies were grouped according to Weight, Maturity, Illness and Treatment. The data was analysed using Student t-test.
Result and Conclusion: Of the 400 neonates studied: On Day 1 of life, Hypocalcemia occurred in 0.5%, Hypomagnesemia occurred in 1%. On Day 4 of life, Hypocalcemia occurred in 10.5%, Hypomagnesemia occurred in 0%. Clinical symptoms of Hypocalcemia observed were: lethargy (2%), high pitched cry (1%), poor feeding (0.75%), apnoea (0.75%) and jitteriness (0.5%). The risk factors for Hypocalcemia observed were: Prematurity, Formula feeding, Infant of Diabetic Mother and Birth asphyxia. Hypomagnesemia was not associated with any clinical symptoms nor risk factor in the study.
Keywords: Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia, Neonates.
