Title: Fundus camera for all
Authors: Dr Silni Chandra, Dr Sandhya Somasundaram, Dr Padma B Prabhu, Dr Ranjini K., Amal P.G., Aldrin Thomas, Abhay P.S. , Abhijith M., Anand Ravi
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i5.30
Abstract
Introduction
Use of smart phone for imaging the fundus has been a technique which has taken the world by storm. Initially only the expensive iPhones1 could be used but since the advent of good quality android phones with high resolution camera, fundus imaging is now literally at everybody’s finger tips. These smart phones have been used for indirect ophthalmoscopy, direct ophthalmoscopy and anterior segment imaging For Indirect ophthalmoscopy, only a condensing lens is required apart from the mobile phone. For direct ophthalmoscopy an LED light source is attached to the mobile phone close to the camera2.
In the technique described by Nazari et al 3the smart phone fundus imaging was done with a condensing lens in one hand and a smart phone in other hand. This was similar to the technique described by Shanmugham et al and Lord et al1,2. In all these techniques high amount of precision and hand coordination was required so it was a challenge for many. To maintain alignment between the smart phone and the condensing lens the need for a structural support was recognized.4 These were provided either by PVC pipes, plastic bottles or plastic arm made using 3D printing technology in the later innovations. These were glued to a mobile cover on one side and a condensing lens fixed to the other end.4-6
This article is about a fundus camera built indigenously by the students and house surgeons posted in department of Ophthalmology of Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala.
The traditional hand held fundus camera which have been described innumerable times in various journals and during conferences was modified to suit the multifarious requirements in a teaching hospital.3-5This camera could be made and used by ophthalmologists, post graduate students, house surgeons and even undergraduate students with some amount of training.
