Title: Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infection among Blood Donors in Government Blood Banks of Chhattishgarh: Retrospective 5 Years Study
Authors: Agrawal Prahlad Chandra, Naik Reena, Panda Kishori M., Chawda Hanish
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i11.43
Background: Transfusion transmissible infection (TTI) is defined as any infection that is transmissible from person to- person through parenteral administration of blood or blood products. The occurrence of TTIs varies from country to country. So to measure their severity, WHO (World Health Organization) has recommended pre-transfusion blood test for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Syphilis as mandatory. The present study is undertaken to assess the seroprevalence of these infectious markers in blood donors of Chhattishgarh state. Materials and Methods: HIV, HBV, HCV & VDRL tests were done either by rapid kit or by ELISA methods. The prevalence of positive test results were evaluated for 5 years from 2010-11 to 2014-15. Results: The total number of donors were 306,864, comprising of voluntary 238856 (77.83 %) and replacement donors 68008 (22.16%). The overall prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infection was 4681/306864 (1.5 %). The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and VDRL among total blood units collected were 666 (0.21%), 2254 (0.73%), 615 (0.2%) & 1146 (0.36%) respectively. Majority 2254/4681 (48.1 %) of infection was HBV. Seropositivity for HIV, HBV, HCV showed annual decrease, but seropositivity for VDRL increased over time. Conclusions: This study showed increasing percentage of voluntary donors and decreasing seroprevalence of TTIs in Chhattisgarh except for VDRL, which showed increasing seroprevalence. Therefore, strict donor selection, increasing participation of voluntary donors, proper testing of donors blood using standard methods as well as NAT and maintaining good quality control can improve blood safety. Keywords: seroprevalence, transfusion transmitted infections, Chhattisgarh, voluntary donors, HBV).
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