Abstract
Background: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) have emerged as a major cause of health care-associated infections and are innately resistant to many antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of NFGNB isolated from various clinical specimens and evaluate their antimicrobial resistance profiles.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, laboratory-based study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2020 at the Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal. NFGNB were isolated from a different clinical specimens, plated on Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and Blood agar and incubated aerobically at 37°C for 18-24 h. Identification was done on the basis of colony morphology, Gram stain, catalase test, oxidase test and standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using commercially available discs on Mueller-Hinton agar. Data was analyzed using SPSS IBM version 20.
Result: A total 24550 samples were studied; where 4910 (20.00%) show bacterial growth and 982 (4.00%) were NFGNB. Majority 736 (74.95%) of NFGNB were isolated from hospitalized patients. Most of them were recovered from sputum 392 (39.22%) and 245 (24.95%) urine sample. Pseudomonas species 540 (54.99%) was the leading pathogens followed by Acinetobacter species 403 (41.04%). NFGNB showed resistance to several antibiotics tested. Overall, Colistin (100%) and Polymyxin B (91-93%) was the most effective antimicrobial agent.
Conclusion: Pseudomonas species and Acinetobacter species are the leading NFGNB; mostly recovered from respiratory specimens and are resistance to several antibiotics. Timely identification of NFGNB and monitoring their susceptibility patterns will help in proper management of infections.
Keywords: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Antimicrobial susceptibility test, Piperacillin-Tazobactum, Carbapenems, Polymyxin B, Colistin.
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Corresponding Author
Dr Navin Kumar Chaudhary
Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i3.10
