Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with various gynaecological malignancies.

Materials and Methods: All women’s attending gynaecological OPD and radiotherapy OPD who were diagnosed to have malignancy of the cervix, endometrium ,ovary and other malignancy of the genital tract are taken as cases and those women without malignancy as excluded by pap smear, ultrasound examination and endometrial sampling are taken as controls. These population are studied for one year period from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017.

Results: Among the risk factors studied presence of diabetes increases the risk of ovarian and endometrial malignancy. The odds ratio for carcinoma ovary and carcinoma of the endometrium were 3.1 and 4.4 which is statistically significant. Similarly patients with hypertension and obesity were at increased risk of carcinoma of the endometrium. The odds ratio were 3.2 and 3.5 respectively. This cause the shift in the trend of gynaecological malignancy more towards ovarian and endometrium.

Conclusion: Ovarian and endometrial cancer is on the rise compared to cervical cancer. Also an association has been found between diabetes, hypertension, obesity and malignancy. These observations suggest that the possibly environmental and /or life-style factors affecting the change had influence on all the age groups.

Keywords: Gynaecological cancer; Obesity, Hypertension; risk factors.