Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease is one of the leading cause of mortality in developing countries like India .The increasing use of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions need a thorough knowledge of the normal branching pattern of coronary arteries and its variation. Most of the area of the Heart is supplied by the Left coronary artery and this artery presents wide variation in the branching pattern. Since this is the most commonly affected artery and first artery to show blockage, this study was conducted.
Materials and Methods: 50 Heart specimens were examined in the Institute of Anatomy, Madurai medical college, Madurai.
Results: Left coronary artery Bifurcation (70%), Trifurcation (26%) and Quadrification (4%). SA Nodal artery arises from LCA (22%). PIVA arises from LCA (10%)
Conclusion: Knowledge of variations in the branching pattern is useful for cardiologist and cardiothoracic surgeon for angiographic interpretation, stenting procedures and surgical myocardial revascularization.
Keywords: Left coronary artery, Bifurcation, Trifurcation, Quadrification, Sino atrial nodal artery, Posterior interventricular artery.
References
- Sadler TW. Langman’s Medical Embryology. Cardiovascular system.11 th ed. London: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins;2009;183-90
- Mamatha and Chaitanya Sridhar: Anomalous Branching Pattern of coronary vessels. CIB Tech Journal of surgery SSN:2319-3875,2014 VOL.3(2),PP 17-2
- Tomar S et al: Normal and variant anatomy of Left coronary Artery: 64-slice Multi Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT).Coronary Angiographic Depiction in North Indian population IJSRP, volume 3, issue 8,August 2013.
- Padmashree Chougule et al, Variations in Branching pattern of coronary arteries.IJSR,VOL3 (8),pg 270-273
- Ballesteros and Ramirez: Morphological expression of the left coronary artery: a direct anatomical study. Folia Morphol 2008, vol 67,No.2, pp 135-142
- Caetano & Lopes (1995): Critical analysis of the clinical and surgical importance of variations in the origin of sino atrial nodal artery of the human heart. Rev Assoc Brass 41(2):94-102
- Hirak Das et al: A study of coronary dominance in the population of Assam. J. Anat. Soc. India 59(2) 187-191(2010)
- Baptista et al:Types of division of the left coronary artery and ramus diagnosis of the human heart. Jap Heart J,1991,32:323-335
- Reig et al: Main trunk of the left coronary coronary artery: Anatomic study of the parameters of clinical interest. clinical anatomy 2004,17:6-13.
- Lujinovic A et al, Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2005;5:69-73.
- Gaurav Agnihotri, 2013: Branching pattern of Left coronary artery. Anatomy Journal of Africa vol 2,Issue 2.
- Dharmendra et al (2013), clinically significant anatomical variations of the left coronary artery in human cadaveric hearts. Int J Cur Res Rev, vol 5(12)pg 39-43.
- Baroldi and Scomazzoni G (1965) Coronary circulation in the normal and pathologic heart. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; Washington D.C.pp 1-37.
- James TN (1961).Anatomy of the coronary arteries. New York, pp 12-150.
- Kalpana R.2003. A study of principal branches of coronary arteries in humans. J Anat soc. India. 52 (2): 137-40.
- Nordon D G (2012): Variations in the anatomy of the coronary arteries. J Morphol Sci, 29(3),178-181.
- Jyoti P. Kulkarni (2012): A study on angiographic anatomy of left main coronary artery system. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences,3(2):5-7.
Corresponding Author
Dr C. P. Anbarasi
Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Government Thiruvannamalai Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i1.02
