Abstract
Obesity and its associated comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension are among the significant risk factors for heart failure and kidney disease. Visceral obesity is robustly associated with a greater risk of cardiorenal morbidity than subcutaneous obesity. Cardiac impairment in obesity is caused by hemodynamic changes, endothelial dysfunction, RAAS activation, neurohormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress and adipokines causing inflammation. Obesity impairs kidney function by hyper-filtration, increased glomerular capillary wall tension, podocyte dysfunction and finally causing CKD. This review article discuss the relationship and significance of smoking, hypertension, alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, obesity and anemia in cardio renal syndrome in acute heart failure patients.
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Corresponding Author
Umarani R
Professor, Department of General Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College & Hospital
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i11.70
