Abstract

The study was conducted to analyse the clinical presentation of haemorrhoids , its association to diet and type of toilet and its clinical evaluation by Digital Per Rectal Examination, Proctosopy, Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopy- Sigmiodoscopy/ Colonoscopy in finding the grades, classification, associated findings and its treatment.

Methods: We conducted this study in the department of General Surgery, Rajah Muthiah Medical College from October 2018 to September 2020.  100 patients diagnosed with haemorrhoids were studied in terms of clinical presentation and evaluation with various other studies, the results obtained were correlated.

Results: 75 patients presented with Bleeding per rectum which is the most common presentation followed by prolapse in 65 patients. Pain during defecation was present in 51 patients and pruritus 2 patients. Patients Commonly presented with Grade 2 haemorrhoids  53%. Secondary  haemorrhoids was seen in 7 patients.18 patients had associated fissure and 4 patients with polyp. 93 patients underwent Haemorrhoidectomy.

7 patients were given Injection sclerotherapy. Among them, both Haemorrhoidectomy and injection sclerotherapy was given to 15 patients.

Conclusion: Haemorrhoids is a benign disease of all ages and sexes. It is diagnosed mainly by clinical examination. It should be evaluated and based on the severity, grading, relation to dentate line the mode of treatment is chosen. Even after treatment, recurrence are common. Patients usually will consult during acute phase especially for pain.  Decision making and certain actions are are very important in understanding and then to treat it.

Keywords: Haemorrhoids, (Digital) Per Rectal Examination, Proctoscopy, Sclerotherapy.