Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancers are the second most common cause of death in the UK. It is usually caused due to mutations of APC, K-ras, p53 genes. Patients present more commonly with bleeding per rectum or obstructive symptoms. Colonoscopy is the investigation of choice. Staging is by spiral CT. The aim of the study is to calculate the age-wise incidence, common presenting symptoms, and treatment strategies employed in our setup.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 30 cases of colorectal cancer in the Department of General Surgery, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, from June 2018 to June 2019. Patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer were admitted, investigated using routine investigations, colonoscopy, and CT scan, and operated during this period. Factors studied were incidence, presenting complaints, and treatment options.
Results: Twenty cases were between the age group 45-60, 8 cases were above 60 years, and 2 cases between the age group 40-45. Twenty-five cases presented with bleeding per rectum, anemia, and 5 cases presented with increased frequency and pain during defecation. The most common histology was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. All the patients underwent resection of the primary tumor with regional lymphadenectomy.
Conclusion: The incidence of colorectal cancer has risen. The risk of incidence is more in the age group 45-60 years with bleeding per rectum as the common presenting complaint. Increasing awareness regarding the risk factors and symptoms is needed for early detection. Early diagnosis with prompt screening techniques helps to reduce the mortality rate.
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Corresponding Author
Simhadri Uday Kiran
Post Graduate, General Surgery
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i4.54
