Abstract
Background: The menopausal state may be a potential risk factor for the development of metabolic Syndrome as its prevalence has been reported to increase after the attainment of menopause 1. Metabolic Syndrome (MS) has been demonstrated as a common precursor to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as a risk factor for all cause mortality. Therefore to prevent cardiovascular diseases there is a need to evaluate the occurrence of metabolic Syndrome and its components from the time of the menopause.
Aims and Objectives: To determine the frequency of metabolic Syndrome in postmenopausal women and to evaluate the components of metabolic Syndrome in post menopausal women.
Methods: All data for the proposed descriptive study was collected from the patients presenting to the Department of General Medicine, Sri Siddhartha Medical College Hospital & Research centre, Tumkur. Post menopausal women who had at least 1 year history of cessation of menses were included. clinical examination, anthropometry and other investigations (Body height, Body weight, Waist circumference (WC), Body Mass Index(BMI), Lipid profile, Fasting blood sugar, Blood pressure were done. Post Menopausal women were considered to have Metabolic Syndrome (MS) if they have any three or more of the features according to the modified ATP III Criteria.
Results: Metabolic Syndrome was present in 62.5% of postmenopausal women and was absent in 37.5% of post menopausal women. Abdominal obesity (68.3%) was the most prevalent component of metabolic Syndrome followed by low HDL(53.8%), high BP(51%), hypertriglyceridemia (44.2%) and abnormal FBS (39.4%). Waist circumference, FBS,BP, triglycerides were significantly higher and HDL was significantly lower in postmenopausal women with metabolic Syndrome. Maximum correlation of MS was found with FBS (odds ratio ‑11.56) and least correlation was found with blood pressure (odds ratio ‑2.679).
Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic Syndrome was high in our study. The components of metabolic Syndrome such as waist circumference, FBS, blood pressure, triglycerides were significantly raised and HDL levels were significantly reduced in post menopausal women with metabolic Syndrome. Such a high prevalence of metabolic Syndrome in postmenopausal women is an alarming sign. Lifestyle changes, early detection and treatment of elevated fasting blood glucose, hypertension and hyperlipidemia are necessary for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in women reaching menopause.
Keywords: metabolic Syndrome, menopause.
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Corresponding Author
Dr Shwetha B.M.
Junior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Sri Siddhartha Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i3.12
