Abstract
Background: The breast triple assessment is a hospital-based assessment clinic that allows for the early and rapid detection of breast cancer. The triple-assessment aims to provide a quick and simple outpatient approach to diagnosis and allow for the early intervention in the treatment of breast cancer. At each stage of the triple assessment, the suspicion for malignancy is graded to create an overall risk index. The key here is to establish whether this is likely a benign lesion or whether the patient should go onto have more definitive biopsy and further intervention.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients were involved in prospective, randomized observational study in department of general surgery admitted with breast lumps in GREAT EASTERN MEDICAL SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL. Patients belonging to10 and 70 years presenting with breast lump are included in the study.
Results: in the present study we found 94% of cases i.e. 94 cases give concordant results while results of 6 patients shows non-concordance either benign or malignant. But none of the results shows the malignant one as benign.
Conclusion: The clinical examination has low sensitivity and thus should always be corroborated with other modalities of investigation. FNAC gives fairly good results in terms of sensitivity and specificity. USG and Mammography have given consistent and acceptable results. When three modalities of investigation viz. physical examination, imaging, and FNAC is combined the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy increases more than any of individual tests.
References
- Lester SC. The breast. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, Fausto N, editors. Robins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 8th ed. Vol. 23. Philadelphia: Saunders an Imprint of Elsevier; 2010. pp. 1068–9.
- Bannister LH, Berry MM, Collins P, et al, editors. Gray’s Anatomy. 38th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995:417-24.
- Stavros AT, Thickman D, Rapp CL, Dennis MA, Parker SH, Sisney GA. Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish benign and malignant lesions. Radiology. 1995;196:123–34.
- Meyberg-Solomayer GC, Kraemer B, Bergmann A, Kraemer E, Krainick U, Wallwiener D, Solomayer EF. Does 3-D sonography bring any advantage to noninvasive breast diagnostics? Ultrasound Med Biol. 2004;30:583–9
- Reinikainen HT, Rissanen TJ, Pilippo UK, Paivansalo MJ; Contribution of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology to the differential diagnosis of palpable solid breast lesions. Acta Radio 1999 Jul;40(4):383-9
- Ashley S, Royale JT, Rubin CM; Clinical, radiological and cytological diagnosis of breast cancer in young women; Br J Surg,1989;76(8):835-7
- Ghazala Malik, Fareesa Waqar, Ghulam Qadir Buledi; Sonomamography for evaluation of solid breast masses in young patients. J Ayub med coll Abbottabad, 2006;18(2):34-6
- Philip J Drew, Lindsay W Turnbull, Sumohan Chatterjee, John Read, Peter J Carleton, et al. Prospective Comparison of Standard Triple Assessment and Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast for the Evaluation of Symptomatic Breast Lesions. Annals of Surgery 230(5):680
- Tabbara SO, Frost AR, Stoler MH, Sneige N, Sidawy MK. Changing trends in breast fine-needle aspiration: Results of the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology Survey. Diagn Cytopathol. 2000;22:126–30.
- Kim A, Lee J, Choi JS, Won NH, Koo BH. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the breast. Experience at an outpatient breast clinic. Acta Cytol. 2000;44:361–7.
- Morris A, Pommier RF, Schmidt WA, Shih RL, Alexander PW, Vetto JT. Accurate evaluation of palpable breast masses by the triple test score. Arch Surg. 1998;133:930–4.
- Park IA, Ham EK. Fine needle aspiration cytology of palpable breast lesions. Histologic subtype in false negative cases. Acta Cytol. 1997;41:1131–8
- Rubin M, Horiuchi K, Joy N, Haun W, Read R, Ratzer E, et al. Use of fine needle aspiration for solid breast lesions is accurate and cost-effective. Am J Surg. 1997;174:694–6.
- Vetto J, Pommier R, Schmidt W, Wachtel M, DuBois P, Jones M, et al. Use of the “triple test” for palpable breast lesions yields high diagnostic accuracy and cost savings. Am J Surg. 1995;169:519–22
Corresponding Author
Dr Saispandana.D
Postgraduate, Department of General Surgery, Gems
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i1.102
