Abstract
Background: Rosacea is a relatively common dermatosis which is characterized by erythema, telangiectasias, papules, and pustules in the centro- facial area.
Aims: To study the clinico- epidemiological profile of ocular rosacea.
Methods: Records of patients of rosacea were screened. Eye symptoms and signs of all patients with either ocular or cutaneous rosacea were looked for. The demographics and the clinical pattern of these patients were recorded
Results: A total of 100 patients of rosacea were screened. The female and male ratio was 8:1. There were 31 patients of ocular rosacea. Mean age of patients with ocular findings was 44. 28±9.72years.Itching was the most common (80.64%) presenting symptom and lid margin irregularity(58.06%) commonest eye sign followed by meibomian gland dysfunction(54.83%).
Conclusion: Ocular rosacea is not an uncommon disease. Clinical manifestations of ocular rosacea may be trivial leading to under diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment may prevent the discomfort and the deterioration of vision.
Keywords: Rosacea ,Ocular, under diagnosed.
References
- Mi Vieira AC, Höfling-Lima AL, Mannis MJ. Ocular rosacea-a review. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2012; 75: 363–9.
- Oltz M, Check J. Rosacea and its ocular manifestations. Optometry 2011;82:92-103.
- Wilkin J, Dahl M, Detmar M, et al. Standard classification of rosacea: Report of the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee on the Classification and Staging of Rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002; 46:584
- Gallo RL, Granstein RD, Kang S, et al. Standard classification and pathophysiology of rosacea: The 2017 update by the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 78:148
- Browning DJ, Rosenwasser G, Lugo M. “Ocular rosacea in blacks,” American Journal of Ophthalmology 1986;101: 441–4.
- Borrie P. “Rosacea with special reference to its ocular manifestations,” British Journal of Dermatology1953;. 65:458–63.
- Arman A, Demirseren DD, Takmaz T. Treatment of ocular rosacea: comparative study of topical cyclosporine and oral doxycycline. Iny J Ophthalmol 2015;8:544-9.
- Ghanem VC, Mehra N, Wong S, Mannis MJ. The prevalence of ocular signs in acne rosacea: comparing patients from ophthalmology and dermatology clinics. Cornea 2003; 22:230.
- Barton K, Dagoberto CM, Nava A, Pflugfelder SC: Inflammatory cytokines in the tears of patients with ocular rosacea. Ophthalmology 1997; 104:1868– 74.
- Sobrin L, Liu Z, Monroy DC, et al.: Regulation of MMP-9activityinhumantear fluid and corneal epithelial culture supernatant. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000, 41:1703–9.
- Afonso AA, Sobrin, L, Monroy DC, Selzer M, Lokeshwar B, et al. “Tear fluid gelatinase B activity correlates with IL-1α concentration and fluorescein clearance in ocular rosacea,” Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science1999;40 : 2506–12.
- Joanna S. Saade, Bachir Abiad, Jonathan Jan, Dana Saadeh, James P. McCulley, and Jeremy Bartley, “Ocular Rosacea Causing Corneal Melt in an African American Patient and a Hispanic Patient,” Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine, vol. 2017, Article ID 2834031, 5 pages, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2834031
- Wladis EJ, Iglesias BV, Adam AP, Gosselin EJ. Molecular biologic assessment of cutaneous specimens of ocular rosacea. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;28(4):246-50.
- Akpek EK, Merchant A, Pinar V, Foster CS., “Ocular rosacea: Patient characteristics and follow-up,” Ophthalmology 1997;104:1863–7.Starr PA, McDonald A. Oculocutaneous aspects of rosacea. Proc R Soc Med. 1969;62:9-11.
- Bakar O, Demircay Z, Toker E, Cakı S. Ocular signs, symptoms and tear function tests of papulopustular rosacea patients receiving azithromycin. JEADV 2009; 23: 544–9.
- Wise G. Ocular rosacea. Am J Ophthalmol. 1943;26:591-609.
- Jenkins MA, Brown SI, Lempert SL, et al. Ocular rosacea. Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:618–22.
Corresponding Author
Dr Arti Sareen
Medical Officer, DDUZH, Shimla
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i12.12
