Abstract

Objective: In this study our main objective is to detect the risk factor for of frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome (IFRNS) in children.

Methodology: This Cross-sectional comparative study conducted at the Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Department of Paediatrics, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from February 1, 2010 to October 1, 2010. During the study, 60 children were included in the study according to judgmental or purposive sampling method and they were grouped as follows: Group A (n = 30): Frequent Relapse Nephrotic Syndrome (FRNS), Group B (n= 30): Infrequent Relapse Nephrotic Syndrome (IFRNS).

Results: during the study, mean serum total protein in group A was 41,13gm/L (SD ± 2.21) and in group B was 45.12gm/L (SD ±2.15) respectively. Also, 11 (36.70%) children had atopy in group A and 9 (30%) children had atopy in group B.

In group A mean serum IgE level of atopic children was 1448IU/ml (SD ± 231.50) but that of non-atopic group was 1645IU/ml (SD ± 133 16) The mean serum IgE of atopic children was significantly lower than that of non-atopic children. In group B, mean serum IgE of atopic children was 380IU/ml (SD ± 33.06) and that of non-atopic children was 463IU/ml (SD ± 35.23).

Conclusion: From our study we can conclude that, history of atopy, low serum albumin and total protein level at the time of initial attack and infection were significantly associated with frequent relapse and can be concluded that these are the risk factors for relapse of childhood NS

Keywords:  Frequent relapse and infrequent relapse, Nephrotic syndrome, IgE level.