Title: Male Breast Carcinoma Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Tuhina Mishra, Rajashri Kelkar, Mahendra Navare, Priya Ahire, Milind Ruke, Tanvi Shah, Gajanand Vangal
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i11.84
Abstract
The present study reports the case of a 62 year old patient who complained of a swelling over left breast one and half months back. An ulcer developed over the swelling measuring 6×6 cm in size and it was insidous and gradually progressive in nature. The ulcer presented with a slough over left breast with irregular margins and nipple areola complex was not seen. There was negative history of trauma, chest pain, breathlessness, nausea, vomiting, hematamesis, weight loss, breast cancer in family. A biopsy of the ulcer crater which was taken revealed invasive ductal carcinoma. Metastatic workup was done which revealed multifocal lungs liver spleen and brain metastasis with TNM stage 4. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy was started and hormonal sensitivity was checked. The patient was found to be responsive to estrogen and progesterone receptor and had negative HER 2.
As with many other rare “orphan” diseases, male breast cancer is understudied. The rarity of the disease precludes prospective randomized clinical trials. In addition, few researchers and minimal funding have focused on breast cancer in men, but further work is clearly needed to better understand this disease. It shares many similarities with breast cancer in women; yet some clear differences have emerged. In this article, the latest information on the epidemiology, biology, and treatment of male breast cancer is reviewed.
Keywords: male breast cancer; epidemiology; review.
References
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- Fentiman IS, Fourquet A, Hortobagyi GN: Male breast cancer. Lancet 2006, 367:595-604.
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- Giordano SH, Cohen DS, Buzdar AU, Perkins G, Hortobagyi GN: Breast carcinoma in men: a population-based study. Cancer 2004, 101:51-57.
- Anderson WF, Althuis MD, Brinton LA, Devesa SS: Is male breast cancer similar or different than female breast cancer? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2004, 83:77-86
- Sasco AJ, Lowenfels AB, Pasker DE, Jong P. Review article: epidemiology of male breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 1993;53:538–549.]
- Amir H, Makwaya CK, Moshiro C, Kwesigabo G. Carcinoma of the male breast. A sexually transmitted disease? East Afr Med J. 1996;73:187–190.
- Mitra D, Manna A, Sikdar SK, Sur PK. A clinicopathological study and its prognostic implication in male breast carcinoma. JIMA. 2007;105:681–683.
- Sharif MA, Mamoon N, Arif A, Mushtaq S, Khadim MT. Histological and immunohistochemical study of male breast carcinoma in Northern Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009;59:67–71.
- Sasco AJ, Lowenfels AB, Pasker-de Jong Review article: Epidemiology of male breast cancer. A meta-analysis of published case-control studies and discussion of selected aetiological factors. Int J Cancer 1993;53:538-49.
- Hultborn R, Hanson C, Köpf I, Verbiené I, Warnhammar E, Weimarck Prevalence of Klinefelter’s syndrome in male breast cancer patients. Anticancer Res 1997;17:4293-7.
- Rosenblatt KA, Thomas DB, McTiernan A, Austin MA, Stalsberg H, Stemhagen A, et Breast cancer in men: Aspects of familial aggregation. J Natl Cancer Inst 1991;83:849-54.
- Couch FJ, Farid LM, DeShano ML, Tavtigian SV, Calzone K, Campeau L, et BRCA2 germline mutations in male breast cancer cases and breast cancer families. Nat Genet 1996;13:123-5.
- Brose MS, Rebbeck TR, Calzone KA, Stopfer JE, Nathanson KL, Weber Cancer risk estimates for BRCA1 mutation carriers identified in a risk evaluation program .J Natl CancerInst 2002;94:1365-72.
- Anelli A, Anelli TF, Youngson B, Rosen PP, Borgen Mutations of the p53 gene in male breast cancer. Cancer 1995; 75:2233-8.
- Fackenthal JD, Marsh DJ, Richardson AL, Cummings SA, Eng C, Robinson BG, et Male breast cancer in Cowden syndrome patients with germline PTEN mutations. J Med Genet 2001;38:159-64.
- Meijers-Heijboer H, van den Ouweland A, Klijn J, Wasielewski M, de Snoo A, Oldenburg R, et Low-penetrance susceptibility to breast cancer due to CHEK2(*) 1100delC in noncarriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Nat Genet 2002;31:55-9.
- Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. Cancer risks in BRCA2 mutation J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91:1310-6.
- Tai YC, Domchek S, Parmigiani G, Chen Breast cancer risk among male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99:1811-4.
- CHEK Breast Cancer Case-Control Consortium. CHEK2* 1100delC and susceptibility to breast cancer: A collaborative analysis involving 10,860 breast cancer cases and 9,065 controls from 10 Am J Hum Genet 2004;74:1175-82.
- Anderson WF, Althuis MD, Brinton LA, Devesa Is male breast cancer similar or different than female breast cancer? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2004;83:77-86. Roentgenol 1993;160:267-70.
- El-Gazayerli MM, Abdel-Aziz On bilharziasis and male breast cancer in Egypt: A preliminary report and review of the literature. Br J Cancer 1963;17:566-71.
- Giordano SH, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi Breast cancer in men. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:678-87.
- Bloom KJ, Govil H, Gattuso P, Reddy V, Francescatti Status of HER-2 in male and female breast carcinoma. Am J Surg 2001;182:389-92.
- Contractor KB, Kaur K, Rodrigues GS, Kulkarni DM, Singhal Male breast cancer: Is the scenario changing. World J SurgOncol 2008;6:58.
- Shukla NK, Seenu V, Goel AK, Raina V, Rath GK, Singh R, et Male breast cancer: A retrospective study from a regional cancer center in Northern India. J SurgOncol 1996;61:143-8.
- Joshi MG, Lee AK, Loda M, Camus MG, Pedersen C, Heatley GJ, et Male breast carcinoma: An evaluation of prognostic factors contributing to a poorer outcome. Cancer 1996;77:490-8.
- Rosen DG, Laucirica R, Verstovsek Fine needle aspiration of male breast lesions. ActaCytol 2009;53:369-74.
- Lilleng R, Paksoy N, Vural G, Langmark F, Hagmar Assessment of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology for diagnosing male breast masses. Acta Cytol 1995;39:877-81.
- Westenend Core needle biopsy in male breast lesions. J ClinPathol 2003;56:863-5.
- Yang WT, Whitman GJ, Yuen EH, Tse GM, Stelling Sonographic features of primary breast cancer in men. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;176:413-6
- Rayson D, Erlichman C, Suman VJ, Roche PC, Wold LE, Ingle JN, et Molecular markers in male breast carcinoma. Cancer 1998;83:1947-55.
- Hill A, Yagmur Y, Tran KN, Bolton JS, Robson M, Borgen PI. Localised male breast carcinoma and family history. An analysis of 142 patients. Cancer 1999;86:821-5.
- Zhou FF, Xia LP, Guo GF, Wang X, Yuan ZY, Zhang B, Wang F. Changes in therapeutic strategies in Chinese male patients with breast cancer: 40 years of experience in a single institute. Breast. 2010;19:450–5.
- Darkeh MHSE, Azavedo E. Male breast cancer clinical features, risk factors, and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Int J Clin Med. 2014;5:1068–86.
- Akkamma R, Heejung B, Karen K, Dattatreyudu N. Breast cancer in men: prognostic factors treatment patterns and outcome. Am J Mens Health. 2011;6(1):51–8.
- Taber KAJ, Morisy LR, Osbahr AJ, Dickinson BD. Male breast cancer: risk factors, diagnosis, and management (review). Oncol Rep. 2010;24(5):1115–20.
- Adamu A, Yahaya U, Adamu A, Iliyasu M. Management and outcomes of male breast cancer in Zaria, Nigeria. Int J Breast Cancer. 2012;1:1–6.
