Abstract
Background: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of neonatal mortality and neurological disability. The five minute APGAR score is a good predictor of immediate and long term neonatal outcome.
Objectives: the study was undertaken to assess the immediate neurological outcome of term babies with perinatal asphyxia and to compare it with APGAR score at 5 minutes to find out any significant difference between severe and moderate birth asphyxia
Material and Methods: 100 terms in born babies with APGAR score ≤ 6 were included in the study. Babies with APGAR score ≤ 6 were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit and serially assessed during first 72 hours after birth for HIE and convulsion. HIE was further classified by levene grading.
Results and Conclusion: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), seizures and mortality were directly proportional to severity of perinatal asphyxia. There is statistically significant difference in the occurrence of HIE, convulsion and mortality between moderate and severe birth asphyxia.
Keywords: Perinatal asphyxia, 5 minute APGAR scores, Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, seizures.
References
- Cloherty JP, Eichenwald EC, Hansen AR, Stark AR, editors. Perinatal Asphyxia and Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy. Manual of Neonatal Care.7th Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins ; 2012.711-726.
- Singh M. Care of the baby in the Labor room. In: Singh M, Care of theNewborn. 7 th ed. New Delhi: Sagar publications; 2010.p.97-103.
- Kliegman RM, Stanto BF, Geme JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE.The Fetus and the neonatal infant. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 19th Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.569-573.
- Shah GS, Singh R, Das BK. Outcome of newborns with birth asphyxia.JNepal Med Assoc. 2005; 44: 44-6.
- Eugenia et al. Low Apgar scores at 5 minutes in a low risk population:maternal and obstetrical factors and postnatal outcome Rev Assoc medBras .2012;58(5): 587-593
- Cordes I, Roland EH, Lupton BA, Hill A. Early prediction of the development of microcephaly after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the full-term newborn. Pediatrics.1994; 93:703–7.
- Mercuri E, Ricci D, Cowan FM, et al. Head growth in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: Correlation with neonatal magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatrics. 2000; 106:235–43.
- Ondoa-Onama, J.K.Tumwine. Immediate outcome of babies with lowAPGAR score in Mulagohospital, Uganda. East African Medical Journal.2003;80(1):22-29.
- K. Misra, N.Srivastava, G.K. Malik, R.K. Kapoor, K.L Srivastava and S.Rastogi, Outcome in relation to apgar score in term neonates Indian Pediatrics. 1994; 31(10): 1215-1222.
- Vannucci RC, Perlman JM. Interventions for perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalo-pathy. Pediatrics 1997;100(6):1004-14.
- Perlman M, Jeffrey, Risser R. Can asphyxiated infants at risk for neonatal-eizures be rapidly identified by current High risk markers ?Pediatrics.1996; 97(4):456-462.
- Moster D, Lie RT, Markestad T. Joint association of Apgar scoresAndearly neonatal symptoms with minor disabilities at school age. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2002; 86(1):F16–F21.
- Lam, B.C. Yeung, C.Y. Perinatal features of birthasphyxia and neurologic outcome. Acta. Pediatrica.1992; 34:17-22.
- Lie K, Groholt EK, Eskild .Association of cerebral palsy with Apgar score in low and normal birth weight infants: population based cohort study.BMJ.2010; 341:4990.
- Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. The continuing value of the Apgarscore for the assessment of newborn infants. N Engl J Med.2001;(344):467-471
- Whelan MA.The APGAR score. Pediatrics 2006;118(3):1313-1314.
- Mercuri E, Ricci D, Cowan FM, et al. Head growth in infants withhypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: Correlation with neonatal magneticresonance imaging. Pediatrics. 2000; 106:235–43.
Corresponding Author
Ashraf.T.P
Additional Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
Mob: 9895324551, Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i10.193
