Title: A Prospective Study on Epidemiology & Risk Factor of Carcinoma Breast
Authors: Baskaran G, Baskaran R, Prema M, Ram Prasath E
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i10.190
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Breast cancer has ranked number one cancer among Indian females with age adjusted rate as high as 25.8 per 100,000 women. This study collects data regarding epidemiological and Risk factor. Epidemiology will give data about where to screen and risk factor will tell us whom to screen.
Aim: The study was conducted to assess the epidemiological status and risk factors associated with the cancer breast in rajah muthaih medical college and hospital, chidambaram.
Methodology: The current descriptive study was conducted at surgery department at RMMCH, Chidambaram, among 50 histo-pathologically proven Breast cancer patients after obtaining permission from the IHEC. Data were collected using questionnaire. Statistics was analysed using M.S. Excel 2013.
Result: Out of 50 breast cancer patients, 2 were men 48 were women. Mean age was 53.12. Patients from rural area were 78%. All women had atleast one risk factor. Percentage of risk factors that prevailed in this study were Early menarche (62%); Nulliparity (16.6%); Reduced breast feeding (75%); Family history (64%); Less exercise or high BMI ( 86%); OCP usage (50%); post-menopausal (62.5%).
Conclusion: This current study gives the epidemiological data among the sample group, but this is highly influenced by the total epidemiological data of hospital. The study assessed the prevalence of the already proven risk factor but no new hypothesis was formulated to find the new risk factors.
Keywords: Breast cancer, risk factors, epidemiology, women, pink ribbon.
References
- http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
- Gupta A, Shridhar K, Dhillon PK. A review of breast cancer awareness among women in India: cancer literate or awareness deficit? Eur J Cancer 2015; 51: 2058–66.
- National Cancer Registry Programme. National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research. and Indian Council of Medical Research., Three year report of population based cancer registries 2009–2011 national cancer registry programme. National Cancer Registry, 2013.
- Chung-Cheng Hsieh, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Klea Katsouyanni, Shu Yuasa; Age at menarche, age at menopause, height and obesity as risk factors for breast cancer: Associations and interactions in an international casecontrol study : International Journal of Cancer Volume 46, Issue 5, pages 796– 800, 15 November 1990.
- Kelsey JL, Gammon MD, John EM. Reproductive factors and breast cancer : Epidemiol Rev. 1993;15(1):36-47.
- Graham A. Colditz Bernard A. Rosner Frank E. SpeizerFor the Nurses' Health Study Research Group: Risk Factors for Breast Cancer According to Family History of Breast Cancer. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 88, Issue 6, 20 March 1996, Pages 365–371.
- William D. Dupont, Ph.D., and David L. Page, M.D. Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Women with Proliferative Breast Disease N Engl J Med 1985; 312:146- 151January 17, 1985.
- Susan P. Helmrich, Samuel Shapiro, Lyn Rosenberg, David W. Kaufman, Dennis Slone, Christopher Bain, Olli S. Miettinen, Paul D. Stolley, Neil B. Rosenhein, Robert C. Knapp, Thomas Leavitt JR., David Schottenfeld, Ralph L. Engle JR. and Micha Levy: Risk Factors For Breast Cancer.
- Pankratz VS, Hartmann LC, Degnim AC, et al. assessment of the accuracy of the Gail model in women with atypical hyperplasia. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2008;26:5374‐9.
- M. Patricia Madigan, Regina G. Ziegler, Jacques Benichou, Celia Byrne and Robert N. Hoover: Proportion of Breast Cancer Cases in the United States Explained by Well-Established Risk Factors; J Natl Cancer Inst 1987;87:1681– 5]
- Shreshtha Malvia, Sarangadhara Appalaraju, Bagadi, Uma S. Dubey, Sunita Saxena: Epidemiology of breast cancer in Indian women. Asia-pacific journal of clinical oncology; Volume 13, Issue 4 August 2017 : 289–295.