Abstract
Background: Among the various investigation modalities available, pulmonary function test (PFT) is an invaluable tool for the assessment of lung function. PFT values are influenced by race .age, sex, height, weight as well as environmental, genetic, socio-ecnomocal and technical parameters.
Objective: To determine pulmonary functions in the age group 7-15 years and to find its correlation with regards to age, sex, height, weight and body mass index.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among normal healthy school children of kannur aged 7 to 15 years . With preformed questionnaire children were interviewed, children with previous history of asthma and other chronic lung diseases were excluded, detailed general physical and systemic examination was done. Height, weight, body mass index were measured. All included children were tested in a sitting position with the head straight after taking written consent from parents. Spirometry was done using Micromedical Gold standard fully computerized portable auto spirometer (Superspiro Cat No. SU 6000). Statistical analysis of the data was done with SPSSv24.
Results: There were 166 children 111 boys and55 girls. Minimum FVC WAS 1.20L and maximum FVC was 3.80lMinimum FEV1was1.07 and maximum FEV1 was3.02l. FVC, FEV 1 and PEFR were found to be statistically significant in the study groups. For FVC and FEV 1, highest correlation was found with height and weight in both boys and girls. PEFR showed weak correlation with weight in boys
Conclusion: Variables such as FVC, FEV 1 show good positive correlation with height, age and body mass index in both sexes. There is a need to have regional values for the prediction of normal spirometric parameters in a country like India with considerable diversity.
Keywords: Pulmonary Function Test, Forced Vital Capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR).
References
- Vijayasekaran D, Subramanyam L, Balachandran A, Shivbalan S. Spirometry in clinical practice. Indian Pediatr. 2003; 40:626–32.
- Mallik SK, Jindal SK. Pulmonary function tests in healthy children. Indian Pediatr. 1985;22:677–81.[PubMed]
- Chowgule RV, Shetye VM, Parmar JR. Lung function tests in normal Indian children. Indian Pediatr. 1995;32:185–91. [PubMed]
- Sharma PP, Gupta P, Deshpande R, Gupta P. Lung function values in healthy children (10-15 years) Indian J Pediatr. 1997; 64:85–91. [PubMed]
- Nair RH, Kesavachandran C, Sanil R, Sreekumar R, Shashidhar S. Prediction equation for lung functions in south Indian children. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;41:390–6. [PubMed]
- Connett GJ, Quak SH, Wong ML, Teo J, Lee BW. Lung function reference values in Singaporean children aged 6-18 years. Thorax. 1994;49:901–5. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Shamssain MH. Forced expiratory indices in normal black southern African children aged 6-19 years. Thorax. 1991;46:175–9. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Vohra RS, Shah SC, Shah GS. Pulmonary functions in normal children. Indian Paediatr 1984; 21: 785-790.
- Chowgule RV, Shetye VM, Parmar JR. Lung function tests in normal Indian children. Indian Paediatr l995; 32:185-191.
- Pande JN, Mohan A, Khilnani S, Khilnani GC. Normal values of peak expiratory flow rate in school going children. Indian ] Chest Dis Allied Sci 1997; 39 :87-95.
- Quanjer PH, Stocks J, Polgar G, Wise M, Kalberg J, Borsboon G. Compilation of reference values for lung function measurements in children. Eur Respir J 1989; 2 (suppl 4): 184-261.
- Rosenthal M, Bain SH, Cramer D, et al. Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: 1- spirometry. Thorax 1993; 48 : 794-802.
- Rosenthal M, Cramer D, Bain SH, Denison D, Bush A, Warner JO. Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: 2-single breath analysis and plethysmography. Thorax 1993; 48 :803-808.
- Mitchell EA. International trends in hospital admission rates for asthma. Arch Dis Child 1985; 60 :376-378.
- Donnelly PM, Yang TS, Peat JK, Woolcock AJ. What factors explain racial differences in lung volumes? Eur Respir J1981; 4 : 829-38.
- Vijayan VK, Kuppurao KV, Venkatesan P, Sankaran K, Prabhakar R. Pulmonary function in healthy young adult Indians in Madras. Thorax 1990; 45 : 611-15.
- Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, et al. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J. 2005;26:319–38.
- Burrows B, Lebowitz MD, Camilli AE, Knudson RJ. Longitudinal changes in forced expiratory volume in one second in adults. Methodologic considerations and findings in healthy nonsmokers. Am Rev Respir Dis1986;133:974–980.
- Raju PS, Prasad KV, Ramana YV, Ahmed SK, Murthy KJ. Study on lung function tests and prediction equations in Indian male children. Indian Pediatr. 2003; 40:705–11. [PubMed]
- Deshpande JN, Dahat HB, Shirole CD, Pande AH. Pulmonary functions and their correlation with anthropometric param-eters in rural children. Indian J Pediatr. 1983;50:375–8. [PubMed]
- Shamssain MH, Thompson J, Ogston SA. Forced expiratory indices in normal Libyan children aged 6-19 years. Thorax. 1988;43:467–70. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Vijayan VK, Reetha AM, Kuppurao KV, Venkatesan P, Thilakavathy S. Pulmonary function in normal south Indian children aged 7 to 19 years. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2000;42:147–56.
- Wang X, Dockery DW, Wypij D, Fay ME, Ferris BG., Jr Pulmonary function between 6 and 18 years of age. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1993;15:75–88
- Sherrill DL, Lebowitz MD, Knudson RJ, Burrows B. Methodology for generating continuous prediction equations for pulmonary function measures. Comput Biomed Res1991;24:249–260.
- Raju PS, Prasad KV, Ramana YV, Ahmed SK, Murthy KJ. Study on lung function tests and prediction equations in Indian male children. Indian Pediatr. 2003; 40:705–11
- Tahera H. Doctor, Sangeeta S. Trivedi and Rajesh K. Chudasama Pulmonary function test in healthy school children of 8 to 14 years age in south Gujarat region, India Lung India. 2010 Jul-Sep; 27(3): 145–148.
Corresponding Author
Dr Muhammad Shafeek. K.
Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Pariyaram Medical College, Kannur, Kerala
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i10.23
