Abstract
Objectives: To study the incidence of electrocardiographic changes seen in acute stroke, to know the nature of electrocardiographic changes seen in different types of stroke and the prevalence of electrocardiographic changes in acute stroke.
Method: 100 patients of acute stroke were taken and ECG was recorded in these patients at the time of admission. Follow up of admitted patients were done by serial ECG monitoring to look out for any fresh ECG changes and development of any arrhythmias for a period of 7 days.
Result: Among 100 patients (male: female- 55:45), cerebral thrombosis was the most common cause seen in 56 patients and least common cause is cerebral venous thrombosis seen in 2 patients. Abnormal ECG changes were seen in 80 patients in which ST segment depression being the most common (29% of patients).
Conclusion: Patents with cerebrovascular accidents often have abnormal electrocardiogram in the absence of known organic heart disease or electrolyte imbalance. These ECG changes are more common in cerebral thrombosis and cerebral haemorrhage. The ECG changes are presumed to be due to brainstem interference and excessive sympathetic activity. This study will provide insight in prognosis and management of acute patients.
Keywords: stroke, cerebrovascular accident, ECG.
References
- Charles Wiener MD, Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Stephen L, Hauser MD, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine Self-Assessment and Board Review.
- Adams RD, Victor M, Ropper AH. Principles of Neurology. 6th. Edition. Singapore, McGraw-Hıll Book Co. 1997:603-5.
- Goldstein DS. The electrocardiogram in stroke: relationship to pathophysiological type and comparison with prior tracings. Stroke. 1979 May 1;10(3):253-9.
- Phornphutkul C, Rosenthal A, Nadas AS, Berenberg W. Cerebrovascular accidents in infants and children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. American Journal of Cardiology. 1973 Jan 1;32(3):329-34.
- Shaper AG, Phillips AN, Pocock SJ, Walker M, Macfarlane PW. Risk factors for stroke in middle aged British men. Bmj. 1991 May 11;302(6785):1111-5.
- Anand K, Chowdhury D, Singh KB, Pandav CS, Kapoor SK. Estimation of mortality and morbidity due to strokes in India. Neuroepidemiology. 2001;20(3): 208-11.
- Nagaraja D, Gururaj G, Girish N, Panda S, Roy AK, Sarma GR, Srinivasa R. Feasibility study of stroke surveillance: data from Bangalore, India. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2009 Oct 1;130(4):396.
- Di Carlo A, Lamassa M, Baldereschi M, Pracucci G, Basile AM, Wolfe CD, Giroud M, Rudd A, Ghetti A, Inzitari D. Sex differences in the clinical presentation, resource use, and 3-month outcome of acute stroke in Europe: data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry. Stroke. 2003 May 1;34(5):1114-9.
- Pandiyan U, Arjundas G, Arjundas D. Risk factors and stroke outcome–An Indian Study. Hypertension. 2005;289:71-9.
- Neurology, Volume 65(6); September 27.2005:855-58.
- Kuruvilla T, Bharucha NE. Epidemiology of stroke in India. Neurol J Southeast Asia. 1998;3:5-8.
- Roy MK. ECG changes in cerebrovascular accident-A prognostic parameter. JAPI. 1995;43:12-4.
- Goldstein DS. The electrocardiogram in stroke: relationship to pathophysiological type and comparison with prior tracings. Stroke. 1979 May 1;10(3):253-9.
- Bozluolcay M, Ince B, Celik Y, Harmanci H, Ilerigelen B, Pelin Z. Electrocar-diographic findings and prognosis in ischemic stroke. Neurology India. 2003 Oct 1;51(4):500.
Corresponding Author
Manojkumar B K
Post Graduate, Department of Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences Balagangadharanatha Nagara, Nagamangala, Mandya-571448, Karnataka, India
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i7.199
