Title: Review of Practice and Complications of Intra Arterial Cannulation in a Tertiary Care Centre-An Observational Study
Authors: Dr Girijanandan D Menon, Mr Basil Paul, Dr Manjit George, Dr Shaloo Ipe
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i7.87
Abstract
Introduction: Intra arterial cannulation is a common procedure performed in operating rooms and intensive care units. It aids in continuous monitoring of blood pressure and blood sampling for blood gas analysis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the practice of percutaneous arterial cannulation in our hospital, which is a rural tertiary care centre. Twenty five consecutive cases done over three months were evaluated for the study purpose. The indication for insertion and removal of intra arterial cannulation was noted. Associated complications, if any, during or after arterial line insertion and/or removal were noted.
Background: Arterial line placement is a common procedure in various critical care settings. Intra-arterial blood pressure (IABP) measurement is more accurate than measurement of blood pressure by noninvasive means, especially in the critically ill. Intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring permits the rapid detection of blood pressure changes that is vital for patients on continuous infusions of vasoactive drugs. Arterial cannulation also allows repeated arterial blood gas samples to be drawn without injury to the patient.
Aim of the study: To assess the practice and complications associated with intra arterial cannulation in a tertiary care centre
Study Design: Observational study over a period of three months
Methods: 25 consecutive cases of intra arterial cannulation were assessed regarding the indications and associated complications if any.
Results: Beat to beat observation of blood pressure, use of ionotropes and arterial blood sampling together constituted 48 % of all the indications for intra arterial cannulation. Kinking and or displacement of cannula together formed 48% of the complications, resulting in intra arterial line removal. Haematoma was noted in 16 % cases, while pain and swelling was reported by 4-8% patients.
Conclusion: Intra arterial blood pressure monitoring, for all its accuracy and reliability, is associated with minimal complications.
Keywords: arterial cannulation, indications, techniques, complications
