Abstract

Objective: Conjunctivitis is the most common disease of conjunctiva which occurs by exogenous or endogenous source. Bacterial conjunctivitis is the most common type of this infection for which empirical treatment is started without knowing the etiological agents because prior cultures are generally not taken. Present Study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the patients attending in our hospital, in and around muzaffarpur, Bihar and their Drug Efficacy Pattern in conjunctivitis.

Materials and Methods: A total of 364 Conjunctival swab samples were taken aseptically from the surface of lower Conjunctival sac and inner canthus (angle) of the eye, in the Eye OPD and send for the culture and Drug Sensitivity Testing.

Result: Out of 364 swab samples, the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis was found to be 21.4% with a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus (85.89%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.12%) and Gram Negative Bacilli (E.coli+Klebsiella spp. + Pseudomonas spp.) in 8.9% swabs. For S.aureus Moxifloxacin showed maximum sensitivity(100%), than Ciprofloxacin (85.07%), Ofloxacin(89.5%), While for S. Pneumoniae, Cefotaxime, Cefazolin, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin were found highly sensitive (100%) drugs. For Gram Negative Bacilli Moxifloxacin (85.71%), Cefotaxime(85.71%), Ceftazidime (100%) were found to be preferred options.

Conclusion: Thus it is concluded that bacterial conjunctivitis in our hospital is predominated by S. aureus. The bacterial isolates obtained from conjunctiva have not yet attained a high level of antibiotic resistance and hence bacterial conjunctivitis has an excellent prognosis, but high frequency of spontaneous remissions. Hence topical antibacterial agent like Moxifloxacin and Ofloxacin may be used as empirical therapy.

Keywords: Conjunctivitis, Bacteria, Antibiotic Sensitivity, Drug Efficacy.