Abstract
Introduction: Oral thrush caused by Candida species is mostly an opportunistic infection. Candida albicans is known to be the major cause of the infection, however, over the last few decades several authors have reported that “non-albicans Candida” are also increasing causing thrush.
Aim: To characterize the various candida species isolated in patients coming to dental OPD with known history of Immunodeficiency.
Material and Methods: A retrospective hospital based study, by collecting data of thirty one patients with oral thrush were included in this study all having history immune compromise state e.g. diabetes, HIV sero-positives, malignancies with history of receipt of chemotherapy. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and proportions were calculated.
Results: Isolation of C. albicans was 74% and “non-albicans Candida” formed 26% of the Candida isolates. The commonest “non-albicans Candida” isolated were Candida tropicalis.
Conclusion: It is important to characterize the Candida, as the “non-albicans Candida” group are having high likelihood of being intrinsically drug resistant.
References
- Lopez-Dupla M, Sarz PM, Garcia VP, Ortega EV, Uriol PL, et al. Clinical, endoscopic immunologic and therapeutic aspects of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis in HIV infected patients: A survey of 114 cases. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87 [12]: 1771-75.
- Korting HC, Ollert MS, Georgii A, Forsch M. In vitro susceptibilities and biotypes of Candida albicans isolates from the oral cavities of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. J ClinMicrobiol 1988; 26 [12] : 2626-31.
- McCreary C, Bergin C, Pilkington R, Kelly G, Mulcahy F, et al. Clinical parameters associated with recalcitrant oral candidosis in HIV infection: a preliminary study. Int J STD AIDS 1995; 6: 204- 207.
- Pathak AA, Revatkar S, Chande C. Prevalence of biotypes and serotypes of Candida albicans among clinical isolates. Indian J Med Res 1999;109 : 46-48.
- Ben-Ami R, Berman J, Novikov A, Bash E, Shachor-Meyouhas Y, Zakin S, et al. Multidrug-resistant candida haemulonii and C. Auris, tel aviv, Israel. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23[2]:195–203.
- Samonis G, Skardilis P, Maraki S, Dutseris G, Toloudis P, et al. Oropharyngeal Candidiasis as a Bombay Hospital Journal, Vol. 50, No. 2, 2008 217 marker for Esophageal Candidiasis in patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 : 283-86.
- Gupta P, Faridi MMA, Rawat S, Sharma P. Clinical profile and risk factors for oral candidiasis in sick newborns. Indian Pediatrics 1996; 33 : 299-303.
- Mackie and McCartney. Fungi. In Practical Medical Microbiology XIVthedn. Churchill Livingstone. 1996: 695-717. 2.
- Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Winn WC Jr. Mycology. In colour Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology Vthedn. Lippincott, Philadelphia. 1997:983-1069.
- Larone DH. Media. In Medically important fungi: A guide to identification. Harper and Row. Medical Department, London. 1976: 127-140.
- Baradkar V, Mathur M, Kumar S. Hichrom candida agar for identification of candida species. Indian J Pathol Microbiol [Internet]. 2010;53(1):93
- Walmsley S, Kings, Mc Geer A, Ye Y, RichardsonS. Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in patients withHuman Immunodeficiency virus: Correlation ofclinical outcome with in vitro resistance, serumazole levels and immunosuppression. Clin InfectDis 2001: 32:1554–61.
Corresponding Author
Rangnekar Aseem
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i4.127
