Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disordered breathing caused by obstruction at the pharyngeal level of the airway. This is a hitherto undiagnosed condition which has incipiently imposed itself on the society as a potential threat. In perspective of the state of Sikkim and given the morphological disposition of cranio-facial anatomy in the local inhabitants it is now realized that Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a significantly frequent occurrence.
Aims: To assess the frequency of OSA in the population of Sikkim and correlate with craniofacial anthropometry of the same population.
Methods and Material: A subjective assessment was done using Berlin Questionnaire and Answers and craniofacial anthropometry of participants were measured and calculated. Participants were from Tertiary Care Hospital and Sikkim Manipal University Campus.
The data were recorded on a predesigned data sheet and managed on an ‘Excel’ spreadsheet and requisite statistical and descriptive analyses were done.
Results: The Nepali adult’s majority had nasal index of 64.2 ± 18.35, implying leptorrhine nose type and facial index of 106 ± 5.53 implying hyper leptoproscopic face. These groups had the maximum risk of OSA.
Nasal Index of Bhutia adults was 62.1 ± 5.87, indicating the dominance of Leptorrhine nose type. Their facial index showed 106.2 ± 12.67 indicating the dominance of the hyper leptoproscopic face type.
Lepc has nasal index was calculated to be 76.0 ± 8.6 with predominatly Mesorrhine nose type and facial index of 106.1 ± 8.8. Which is hyper leptoproscopic and these ethnic group had the least risk of OSA .
Conclusion: This is a simple study using Berlin Questionnnaire as a tool for identifying OSA and its relation with awareness and nasofacial anthropometry. In conclusion we can say that Facial and Nasal Indices which varies between ethnicity can be used as a predictor for OSA as a cephalometeric measurement of the face and nose. Many predictors are being sought for easily diagnosing and predicting OSA. This will lead to early better management strategies for this disorder.
Keywords: Pharyngeal Obstruction, Snoring, Facial Index, Nasal Index.
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Corresponding Author
Dr Mohonish N Chettri
Assistant Professor ENT, SMIMS, SMU, Gangtok
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i2.18
