Abstract
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) or Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary artery disease has a number of well determined risk factors which include smoking, family history, hypertension, obesity, Diabetes, lack of exercise, stress and blood lipids. While the prevalence and mortality due to CHD is declining in the developed nations, there has been an alarming increase over the past two decades in the prevalence of CHD and cardiovascular mortality in India and other south Asian countries. A few studies have shown that serum uric acid has a role in the development of cardiovascular morbidity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of serum uric acid, serum C - reactive protein and atherogenic index in patients with coronary artery disease. This study was conducted by taking 41 cases of coronary artery disease and 35 number of age and sex matched healthy controls. Results showed increased level of serum uric acid and atherogenic index (P<0.005) and decreased value of serum HDL- cholesterol (P<0.005) which were statistically significant. Also, we found a strong positive correlation between the atherogenic index and serum uric acid. There were many positive result for elevated C-reactive Protein. Thus, serum uric acid, atherogenic index and CRP can be helpful for risk assessment and can be used as prognostic markers for patients with ischemic heart disease.
Keywords: Coronary artery disease (CAD), Atherogenic index (AI), C-reactive protein(CRP), Uric acid. Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD).
References
- Ishemic heart disease by Elliot, M.Antman, Andrew P.selwyn, Eugene Brawnwald, Joseph loscalzo in Harrison’s principle of internal medicine 17th edition vol-II chapter 237, page-1514.
- Jean-charlesfruchart, PhD. Melchior C. Nierman M.D ,Eriks.G. Stros MD. PhD. John J.P kastelein MD.PhD .New risk factor for the atherosclerosis and patient risk assessment. Atherosclerosis: events evolving vascular biology and clinical implication, page -8, 2004
- Altanonat MD, Gunay can MD,Hasn Kay MD Gulay Hergen C PhD, Atherogenic index of plasma (log10 Triglyceride/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol).Journal of clinical lipidology volume 4, page 89, march 2010.
- Ames BN , Cathcart R, Schweirs E , Hochestein P .Uric acid provides an antioxidant defence in humans against oxidant and radical caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis. ProcNatlAcadSci USA .1981 ;78:6858-6862.
- Gagliardi AC, Miname MH, Santos RD. uric acid: a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. atherosclerosis 2009. 202:11-17 doi 10-1016/ j. atherosclerosis 2008.05.022.
- Pepys MB.C-reactive protein fifty years on .Lancet 1981:i:653-6.
- Kroop IG, Shackman The C-reactive protein determination as an index of myocardial necrosis in coronary artery disease. Am f Med 1957;22:90-8.
- Robert wolk,MD. PhD peter Berger MD, Ryan J. Lennon, MS, Emmanouil S. Brilakis MD Virend K- somersMD.PhD body mass index ;A risk factor for unstable angina with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease ,circulation 2003 :108 :2206-2211.
- Kannel, W.B., Castelli, W.P. and Gordon, T. (1971): Ann. Intern. Med. 90:85.
- Kaukola, S., Vesa, M. and Halonea, P.I. (1980) :Acta Med. Scand. 208:41.
- Kristina Orth, Gomer et al, Lip oprotein (a) as a determinant of CHD in young women. Circulation 95 no- 2; 1997
- Pan WH, Flegal KM, Chang HY, Yeh WT, Yeh CJ, Lee WC: Body mass index and obesity-related metabolic disorders in Taiwanese and US whites and blacks: implications for definitions of overweight and obesity for Asians. Am J ClinNutr 2004, 79(1):31-39
- Cannon PJ, Stason WS, Demartini FE. Hyperuremia in primary and renal hypertention. N Engl J Med 1966; 275: 457-464
- Lin KC, Tsao HM, Chen CH, Chou P: Hypertension was the major risk factor leading to development of cardiovascular diseases among men with hyperuricemia ;45,578-589
- Johnson RJ, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Kang DH, et al A unifying pathway for essential hypertension. Am J Hypertension. 2005;18:431-40.
- Tsouli SG, Liberopoulos EN, Mikhailidis DP, Athyros VG, Elisaf MS: Elevated serum uric acid levels in metabolic syndrome: an active component or an innocent bystander? Metabolism 2006, 55:1293-1301.
- Tuomilheto J, Zimmet P, Evawolf. Plasma Uric acid level and its association with Diabetes Mellitus and some Biologic Parameters in a Biracial Population of FIJI Am J EpidemioI1988;127:32136
- Leyva F, Anker S, Swan JW, et ai, serum uric acid as an index of limpaired oxidative metabolism in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 1997: 18: 858-865.
- Bickel C, Rupprecht HJ, Blankenberg S, et al. Serum uric acid as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2002;89:12-17.
- Alderman MH, Cohen H, Kivlighn S. Serum uri acid and cardiovascular· events In successfully treated hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1999; 134:144-150.
- Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Hori Y, Ishikawa M, Zhang H, Murata C, Otsuka R, Zhu S, Toyoshima H: The metabolic syndrome is associated with elevated circulating C-reactive protein in healthy reference range, a systemic low-grade inflammatory state. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003, 27(4):443-449.
- Kushner I, Broder ML, Karp D. Control of acute phase response. Serum CRP Kinetic after AMI. J clin Invest 1978;61:235-242.
- Pietila K, Harmenen A, Poyhonenl, Roustanojja R-CRP in sub endocardial and transmural myocardial infarct. ClinChem 1986; 32: 1596-1597.
- Newman FJ, OttI, Gowaz M, Richard G, Holzafel H, Jockchum M et al. Cardiac release of cytokine and inflammatory response in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1995;92:748 -755
Corresponding Author
Prof. Dr Manmath Kumar Mandal
Professor & HOD, Biochemistry, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha, India
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Phone no: 919437080136
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i1.34
