Abstract
Introduction: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a lenti virus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).1 HIV causes progressive impairment in body’s immune system leading to increased susceptibility to tumours and fatal opportunistic infection known as acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of our study was to study the clinical profile of HIV/AIDS patients.
Materials: It was an observational study including 269 HIV positive patients who were willing to be a part of the study. According to the WHO case definition, HIV2,3 in adults and children 18 months or older is diagnosed based on positive HIV antibody testing (rapid or laboratory-based enzyme immunoassay).This is confirmed by a second HIV antibody test (rapid or laboratory-based enzyme immunoassay) and/or; positive virological test for HIV or its components (HIV-RNA or HIV-DNA or ultrasensitive HIV p24 antigen) confirmed by a second virological test obtained from a separate determination.
Observations: In our study, out of the 269 HIV/AIDS patients, majority 122 (45.40%) were belonging to30-39 years of age, married patients were 248 (92.20%), less educated group had majority with maximum among the group educated till 12th standard (71.70%), majority (73.60%) of HIV/AIDS individuals were in <836 percapita group and the mean CD4 count in male HIV/AIDS patients was 360.32+ 183.80.
Conclusion: The present study found that most of the HIV infected patients were from sexually active age group. The commonest mode of acquiring infection was heterosexual contact, emphasizing the need to strengthen our Information education and communication (IEC) strategies to contain HIV/AIDS. The majority of the seropositive population in this study was from lower socioeconomic class, married group and between age group, i.e.30 and 39 years. As this is the major part of reproductive age group, it significantly affects the development of the community.
Keyword: HIV, AIDS.
References
- Weiss R. A How does HIV cause AIDS. Nature.1993; 460(7256):711-6.
- Delvaux T, Nöstlinger C. Reproductive choice for women and men living with HIV: contraception, abortion and fertility. Reproductive health matters. 2007 May 31;15(29):46-66.
- World Health Organization. WHO case definitions of HIV for surveillance and revised clinical staging and immunological classification of HIV-related disease in adults and children
- Dolin R, Mandell. G, Bennett J.. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th Edition:Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, PA, 2010.
- Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)/World Health Orga-nzation (WHO), AIDS epidemic update; December 2000.Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO.
- Hymes K, Greene J, Marcus A, William D, Cheung T, Prose N, Ballard H, Laubenstein L. Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men—a report of eight cases. The Lancet. 1981 Sep 19;318(8247):598-600.
- Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, Vollset SE, Ozgoren AA, Abdalla S, Abd-Allah F, Aziz MI. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117-71.
- WHO guidelines on HIV/AIDS. 2015 October 12
- National AIDS Control Organization. NACO Annual Report 2013–14; India: NACO; 2014.
- Sonani HP, Undhad AM, Savani GT. Clinical and socio-demographic profile of patients registered at ART centre, Smimer, Surat. National Journal of Community Medicine. 2011;2(1):130-2.
- Avilés Aguilar EA, MelchorMancía FR. Aislamiento y caracterización de lasbacteriasaeróbicas en orinaobtenida del catétervesical en pacientes con cateterismo a largo plazo
- Reproductive Health Matters 2005;13(25): 187–193
- Paranjape RS. Immunopathogenesis of HIV infection. Indian J Med Res. 2005;121(4): 240-255
- McBride RB. Mandell, Douglas and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 7th edition.Sexual Health. 2010 Jun 4;7(2):218.
- Khan MA. Socio-demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/Aids.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences (E-ISSN 2091-0576; P-ISSN 2467-9100). 2014 Jul 2;3(2):1-0.
- Gautam L, Deshpande JD, Somasundaram KV. Prevalence of HIV-TB co-infection, clinical profile and CD4 count of HIV patients attending ART centre of Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2014;3(9):1105-9.
- Balasundaram A, Sarkar S, Hamide A, Lakshminarayanan S. Socioepidemiologic profile and treatment-seeking behaviour of HIV/AIDS patients in a tertiary-care hospital in South India. Journal of health, population, and nutrition. 2014 Dec;32 (4):587.
- Khan MA. Socio-demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/Aids.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences (E-ISSN 2091-0576; P-ISSN 2467-9100). 2014 Jul 2;3(2):1-0.
- Gounder DS, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Nagarajan P, Narasimhan B. Socio-demographic and clinical profile of HIV seropositives in tertiary care teaching hospital of South India.
- Yadav MK, Sharma J, Tungvir AS, Trivedi A, Khosya B. A Cross Sectional Study on Clinico-epidemiological Profile of HIV Positive Patients attending ART Centre at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh. National Journal of Medical Research. 2014;4(4):366-9.
- Talukdar A, Talukdar PS, Ghosal MK, Bal R, Ghosh P, Goswami DN. Evaluation of depression and coping skill among HIV-positive people in Kolkata, India. Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC). 2012 Mar 1;11(2):115-20.
- Zaheer MS, Rabbani MU, Ahmad Z, Khan T, Rewari BB, Pandey DK. Clinical and Demographic Profile of Patients of AIDS in and around Aligarh. Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine. 2003 Apr;4(2):121-26.
- Eshetu DA, Meseret S, Woldeyohannes MA, Techane GN, Gizachew KD, Tegegne MT, Misganaw BT. Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinic at Debrebirhan Referral Hospital, North Showa, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Clinical Psychiatry. 2015.
- Rai P, Verma BL. A study on depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in South-West part of Uttar Pradesh, India.South East Asia Journal of Public Health. 2015 Sep 13;5(1):12-7.
- Chakravarty J, Mehta H, Parekh A, Attili SV, Agrawal NR, Singh SP, Sundar S. Study on clinico-epidemiological profile of HIV patients in eastern India. Japi. 2006 Nov 26;54:854-7.
Corresponding Author
Dr Dinesh Kumar Malviya MD General Medicine
Department of Medicine, N.S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital Jabalpur
Address: Village- Mohanpur, Post- Gahal, Tahshil- Harda, District- Harda (MP) 461331
Mobile No- 8871255148, 8319155878, Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i11.188
