Abstract
Worldwide studies have reported increase in the incidence of CAD in illiterate & people with lower socio economic status1. Based on cross sectional morbidity surveys incidence of coronary heart disease has increased two fold, (2.06% is 1970’s to 4.04% in 1990’s) in rural India3. There is no published data correlating dietary pattern & risk factors in patient with CAD in rural Tamil Nadu.
Aim: Correlation of dietary pattern and risk factors in patient with CAD in rural Tamil Nadu.
Study Design: Retrospective case control study. All patients residing in rural areas who underwent CAG in our centre with evidence of CAD were enrolled for the study after informed consent.
Methodology: All the patients with CAD were interviewed by the dietician of our hospital regarding their diet pattern, using a 7days dietary recall questionnaire. This was analysed & daily intake fat, carbohydrates, protein & total calories of each patient was tabulated & compared with recommended dietary allowance 2010 guidelines for Indian (ICMR).
Results: A total of 148 patients who underwent CAG 39.9% (59 patients) had normal CAG, 29.1% (43 patients) had SVD, 17.6% (26 patients) had DVD and 13.5% (20 patients) had TVD. Male & Female patients were equally distributed in CAD & normal group (P=0.24). Patients with Hypertension (OR 1.4, 95% CI: 0.6 – 2.9), Diabetes (OR 1.85, 95% CI: 0.91 – 3.71) tended to have CAD, however it did not reach statistical significance. The mean intake of carbohydrates, protein, and fat did not reach statistically significance between the 2 groups. There was a significant difference in carbohydrate intake in patients with single vessel disease, but did not reach statistical significance in patients with double / triple vessel disease when compared with normal coronaries.
Conclusion: Risk of CAD in rural population of Tamil Nadu is not related to total carbohydrates or fat intake. Coronary artery disease could be related poor intake of vegetables and fruits.
Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, Dietary Pattern, rural population.
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Corresponding Author
Dr A. G. Narayanaswamy
Department of Cardiology, Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam, Chennai – 602105
Telephone No: 9444054861, Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i11.128
