Abstract
Background and Purpose: The objective was to assess language lateralization based on the volumetric analysis involving Inferior Triangular Gyrus (ITG),Inferior Opercular Gyrus (IOG), Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG), and secondary language areas like Heschl’s Gyrus (HG), Hippocampus , Globus Pallidi (GP), Putamen and Thalamus.
Methods: Thirty six right handed children with normal brain MRI were selected for the study. Using Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) structural volumetric differences between ITG, IOG, STG, HG, Hippocampus and thalami of right and left hemispheres were assessed by VBM, an automated technique that identifies differences in the local gray matter volume between groups using high-resolution T1-weighted MRI.
Results: There was significant increase in the volume of left GP compared to the right GP (<0.001), left ITG compared to right side (p<0.03), left Heschl`s Gyrus compared to the right side (p<0.05) while the mean grey matter volume of right put a men and right IOG was larger compared to the left with a p value of 0.04 and 0.007 respectively. No significant differences in the mean grey matter volume was seen between right and left hippocampus, thalami and STG (p =0.30, 0.795 and 0.175 respectively).
Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of left ITG,HG and GP in language processing.
Keywords: Voxel based Morphometry, inferior triangular gyrus, heschl`s gyrus, globus pallidum.
References
- Sur le siège de la faculté du langage articulé - 1865 Broca.pdf [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 21]. Available from: http://homes.mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de/~mhelmsta/pdf/1865%20Broca.pdf
- Carl Wernicke. Der aphasische Symptomencomplex: Eine psychologische Studie auf anatomischer Basis [Internet]. Cohn; 1874 [cited 2017 Jul 21]. 80 p. Available from: http://archive.org/details/deraphasischesy00werngoog
- Wada J, Rasmussen T. Intracarotid Injection of Sodium Amytal for the Lateralization of Cerebral Speech Dominance. Collections. 2009 May 5;112(2):266–82.
- Binder JR, Swanson SJ, Hammeke TA, Morris GL, Mueller WM, Fischer M, et al. Determination of language dominance using functional MRI: a comparison with the Wada test. Neurology. 1996 Apr;46(4):978–84.
- Ashburner J, Friston KJ. Voxel-based morphometry--the methods. NeuroImage. 2000 Jun;11(6 Pt 1):805–21.
- Wilke M, Holland SK, Altaye M, Gaser C. Template-O-Matic: a toolbox for creating customized pediatric templates. NeuroImage. 2008 Jul 1;41(3):903–13.
- Amunts K, Schleicher A, Bürgel U, Mohlberg H, Uylings HB, Zilles K. Broca’s region revisited: cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol. 1999 Sep 20;412(2):319–41.
- Anwander A, Tittgemeyer M, von Cramon DY, Friederici AD, Knösche TR. Connectivity-Based Parcellation of Broca’s Area. Cereb Cortex N Y N 1991. 2007 Apr;17(4):816–25.
- Ogawa S, Lee TM, Kay AR, Tank DW. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9868–72.
- Ogawa S, Menon RS, Tank DW, Kim SG, Merkle H, Ellermann JM, et al. Functional brain mapping by blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast magnetic resonance imaging. A comparison of signal characteristics with a biophysical model. Biophys J. 1993 Mar;64(3):803–12.
- Tyler LK, Marslen-Wilson WD, Randall B, Wright P, Devereux BJ, Zhuang J, et al. Left inferior frontal cortex and syntax: function, structure and behaviour in patients with left hemisphere damage. Brain J Neurol. 2011 Feb;134(Pt 2):415–31.
- Gabrieli JD, Poldrack RA, Desmond JE. The role of left prefrontal cortex in language and memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 3;95(3):906–13.
- Burton MW. The role of inferior frontal cortex in phonological processing. Cogn Sci. 2001 Sep 1;25(5):695–709.
- Foundas AL, Leonard CM, Gilmore RL, Fennell EB, Heilman KM. Pars triangularis asymmetry and language dominance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jan 23;93(2):719–22.
- Binder JR, Frost JA, Hammeke TA, Cox RW, Rao SM, Prieto T. Human Brain Language Areas Identified by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 1;17(1):353–62.
- Szaflarski JP, Schmithorst VJ, Altaye M, Byars AW, Ret J, Plante E, et al. A longitudinal fMRI study of language development in children age 5–11. Ann Neurol. 2006 May;59(5):796–807.
- Caplan D, Waters GS. Verbal working memory and sentence comprehension. Behav Brain Sci. 1999 Feb;22(1):77-94-126.
- Dorsaint-Pierre R, Penhune VB, Watkins KE, Neelin P, Lerch JP, Bouffard M, et al. Asymmetries of the planum temporale and Heschl’s gyrus: relationship to language lateralization. Brain J Neurol. 2006 May;129(Pt 5):1164–76.
- Schneider P, Sluming V, Roberts N, Scherg M, Goebel R, Specht HJ, et al. Structural and functional asymmetry of lateral Heschl’s gyrus reflects pitch perception preference. Nat Neurosci. 2005 Sep;8(9):1241–7.
- Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mazoyer B. Variations of planum temporale asymmetries with Heschl’s Gyri duplications and association with cognitive abilities: MRI investigation of 428 healthy volunteers. Brain Struct Funct. 2017 Aug;222(6):2711–26.
- Marie D, Jobard G, Crivello F, Perchey G, Petit L, Mellet E, et al. Descriptive anatomy of Heschl’s gyri in 430 healthy volunteers, including 198 left-handers. Brain Struct Funct. 2015 Mar;220(2):729–43.
- Fabbro F, Clarici A, Bava A. Effects of left basal ganglia lesions on language production. Percept Mot Skills. 1996 Jun;82(3 Pt 2):1291–8.
- Wildgruber D, Ackermann H, Grodd W. Differential Contributions of Motor Cortex, Basal Ganglia, and Cerebellum to Speech Motor Control: Effects of Syllable Repetition Rate Evaluated by fMRI. NeuroImage. 2001 Jan;13(1):101–9.
- Zenon A, Olivier E. Contribution of the basal ganglia to spoken language: Is speech production like the other motor skills? Behav Brain Sci. 2014 Dec;37(6):576.
Corresponding Author
Dr Ruma Madhu Sreedharan
GMC, Trivandrum
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i11.13
