Abstract
Background: India has the most number of TB cases among the six countries that account for 60 per cent of total cases worldwide. To progress towards the global goals of elimination, it is vital to understand the factors which can influence the outcome of treatment. The objectives of the present study were to learn about the socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects and to study the factors influencing treatment outcomes in the TB patients.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study design was employed and all patients (n=117) who were registered for Category I DOTS during the last quarter of 2015 were included after obtaining written informed consent. Patients were visited at their homes for interviews to note socio-demographic and environmental characteristics and secondary data analysis was done to note the outcomes. Univariate and binary logistic regression models were employed.
Results: The overall treatment success rate was 93.2% (Cure rate= 87%, treatment completion rate= 100%). Default, death, failure and lost to follow up rates were 2.6%, 2.6%, 0.8% and 0.8% respectively. Those with a history of alcohol use [OR: 6.13 (1.57-23.93); p=0.01],tobacco smoking [OR: 6 (1.27-28.37) and indoor air pollution [OR: 7.89 (1.10-62.13); p=0.02] and p=0.02]had higher odds of developing unfavourable treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: The study observed alcohol use, tobacco smoking and indoor air pollution to be associated with adverse outcomes. Health education regarding the ill effects of these with regards to the disease preventability and curability needs to be further intensified to bring a change the firmly embedded social behaviour so that the goals set for global TB control are met.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Treatment outcomes, alcohol.
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Corresponding Author
Harshvardhan Singh
IGMC, Shimla
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i8.209
