Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is typically triggered by environmental allergens such as pollen, pet hair, dust, or mold. Inherited genetics and environmental exposures contribute to the development of allergies. Growing up on a farm and having multiple siblings decreases the risk. The underlying mechanism involves IgE antibodies attaching to the allergen and causing the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine from mast cells.
The patients admitted to ENT department of Patna Medical College and Hospital was considered in the study. The approval of the Ethical Committee is taken from the Hospital. The written consent also obtained from the patients. The total 50 were included in the study.
Comorbidities, associating allergic rhinitis, were examined and quality of life summarily assessed, as, subjective degree of disturbance to sleep and daily life activities. Nasal mucosa scraping was taken, from surface of middle third of inferior turbinate with wooden rhino probe and eosinophilic/basophilic infiltration was inspected, to objective ascertaining of allergic rhinitis.
Allergic rhinitis is a highly prevalent yet underappreciated inflammatory disorder which affects not only the nasal mucosa but also other contiguous mucosa. Although most patients presented with nasal symptoms, ophthalmic and pharyngeal symptoms were commonly presented. A significant percentage of patients had aural and respiratory comorbidities. Sleep disturbances were seen in a significant number of allergic patients. Thus, in a patient with Allergic rhinitis special attention has to be given to the ear, throat, eye, and asthmatic aspects.
Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, North Indian Population, Comorbidities etc.
References
1. "Environmental Allergies: Symptoms". NIAID. April 22, 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
2. Wheatley, LM; Togias, A (29 January 2015). "Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis.". The New England Journal of Medicine. 372 (5): 456–63. PMC 4324099 PMID 25629743. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1412282.
3. "Cause of Environmental Allergies". NIAID. April 22, 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
4. "Environmental Allergies: Diagnosis". NIAID. May 12, 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
5. "Environmental Allergies: Treatments". NIAID. April 22, 2015. Retrieved 17 June2015.
6. "Immunotherapy for Environmental Allergies". NIAID. May 12, 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
7. Dykewicz MS, Hamilos DL (February 2010). "Rhinitis and sinusitis". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 125 (2 Suppl 2): S103–15. PMID 20176255. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.989.
8. Fireman, Philip (2002). Pediatric otolaryngology vol 2. (4th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: W. B. Saunders. p. 1065. ISBN 9789997619846.
9. Colgan, Richard (2009). Advice to the young physician on the art of medicine. New York: Springer. p. 31. ISBN 9781441910349.
10. Justin Parkinson (1 July 2014). "John Bostock: The man who 'discovered' hay fever". BBC News Magazine. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
11. "Dr. Marshall Hall on Diseases of the Respiratory System; III. Hay Asthma". The Lancet: 245. May 19, 1838. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)95895-2.
12. History of Allergy. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. 2014. p. 62. ISBN 9783318021950.
13. Sur DK, Scandale S (June 2010). "Treatment of allergic rhinitis". Am Fam Physician. 81 (12): 1440–6. PMID 20540482.
14. Valet RS, Fahrenholz JM (2009). "Allergic rhinitis: update on diagnosis". Consultant. 49: 610–3.
15. Pray, W. Steven (2005). Nonprescription Product Therapeutics. p. 221: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0781734983.
16. Czaja-Bulsa G, Bachórska J (1998). "[Food allergy in children with pollinosis in the Western sea coast region]". Pol Merkur Lekarski. 5 (30): 338–40. PMID 10101519.
17. Yamamoto T, Asakura K, Shirasaki H, Himi T, Ogasawara H, Narita S, Kataura A (2005). "[Relationship between pollen allergy and oral allergy syndrome]". Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 108 (10): 971–9. PMID 16285612. doi:10.3950/jibiinkoka.108.971.
18. Malandain H (2003). "[Allergies associated with both food and pollen]". AllergImmunol (Paris). 35 (7): 253–6. PMID 14626714.
19. "Allergy Friendly Trees". Forestry. about. com. 2014-03-05. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
20. Pamela Brooks (2012). The Daily Teleg-raph: Complete Guide to Allergies. ISBN 9781472103949. Retrieved 2014-04-27.
21. Denver Medical Times: Utah Medical Journal. Nevada Medicine. 2010-01-01. Retrieved 2014-04-27.
22. George Clinton Andrews; Anthony Nicholas Domonkos (1998-07-01). Diseases of the Skin: For Practitioners and Students. Retrieved 2014-04-27.
23. Miri S, Farid R, Akbari H, Amin R; Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and nasal smear eosinophilia in 11 to 15 yr-old children in Shiraz. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006; 17(7):519-23.
24. Miller RE, Paradise JL, Friday GA, Fireman P, Voith D; The nasal smear for eosinophils. Its value in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Am J Dis Child. 1982; 136(11):1009-11.
25. Alsowaidi S, Abdulle A, Shehab A, Zuberbier T, Bernsen R. Allergic rhinitis: Prevalence and possible risk factors in a Gulf Arab population. Allergy 2010;65(2):208-12.
26. Viinanen A, Munhbayarlah S, Zevgee T, Narantsetseg L, Naidansuren TS, Koskenvuo M, et al. Prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and allergic sensitization in Mongolia. Allergy 2005;60(11):1370-7.
27. Valero A, Alonso J, Antépara I, Baró E, Colás C, delCuvilloA, et al. Health-related quality of life in allergic rhinitis: Comparing the short form ESPRINT-15 and Mini RQLQ questionnaires. Allergy 2007;62(12):1372-8.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i7.158
