Title: A Study to Determine the Clinico-Etiological Factors in Eye Lid Dermatitis
Authors: Dr Mohitpreet Kaur, Dr Ghanshyam Verma, Dr Ajeet Negi, Dr G.R.Tegta, Dr Vinay Shanker
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.218
Abstract
Aim: To find out clinico-etiological factors in eye lid dermatitis.
Material methods: The present study included all patients with clinical diagnosis of eyelid dermatitis attending dermatology outpatient’s department at Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla over a period of one year. Sixty five consecutive patients of eyelid dermatitis and were patch tested and the data was analysed. Indian cosmetic and fragrance series with forty four allergens approved by Contact and Occupational Forum of India (CODFI) was used for patch test. In addition, suspected personal cosmetics in appropriate dilution and base and eye medications were used as such for patch test.
Results: There was female predominance with 39 (60%) female and 26 (40%) male patients. Majority of the patients i.e. 28 (43.08%) were young adults in the age group of 11 to 30 years. Most of the patients 47 (72.31%) belonged to urban area and 18(27.69%) were from rural background. Ten patients (15.38%) had atopic diathesis. Patch test positivity was seen in 51 (78.46%) patients. Patch test sensitivity was observed for one antigen in 38.46%, two antigens in 30.77% and three or more antigens in 9.23% patients respectively. Nickel sulphate sensitivity was seen in 12 (18.46%) patients followed by paraphenylene diamine in 10(15.38%) patients, balsam of peru in 8 (12.30%)patients, fragrance mix in 7 (10.77%) patients, cetramide and thiomersal in 5 (7.69%) patients each, cobalt chloride and neomycin in 4 patients (6.15%), colophony and paraben mix in 3 each(4.61%) patients, gallate mix, gentamycin, potassium dichromate, benzyl salicylate in 2 each (3.08%) patients, musk mix, parthenium, hexamethylene tetramine, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate, rose oil Bulgarian, jasmine absolute, wool alcohol in 1 (1.54%) patient each.
Conclusions: Though contact dermatitis is the commonest cause of eyelid dermatitis, other conditions like seborrhoeic dermatitis, psoriasis, dermatomyositis, rosacea, infections, infestations, urticaria etc should always be borne in mind. The main challenge is to identify the allergens since a number of cosmetics are being used by the patient serially or simultaneously. The use of cosmetics is a long standing practice that extends worldwide and virtually reaches one and all and the trend is only growing, so the problem of eyelid dermatitis needs proper addressal.
Keywords: Eye lid dermatitis, allergic contact, patch test, cosmetics.
