Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is a chronic pulmonary disease causing high morbidity and mortality. It has multiple risk factors of which includes various host related and socio-demogrphic factors. HIV is considered the most powerful risk factor for the progression of TB infection to disease. The frequency of tuberculosis occurrence in patients of diabetes mellitus is reported to be 3-4 times than that in non-diabetics. Apart from these there are other underlying risk factors which compromise the immune status like malignanacies, end-stage renal disease, chronic lung disease, malnutrition, and alcoholism. Apart from host related factors, many environmental and social risk factors have been reported to be involved in increased susceptibility of infection and progression of the disease.
OBJECTIVE: To asses various demographic, socioeconomic and clinical risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total 117 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis were included in our study. Data regarding socio-demographic risk factors and presence of any existing co morbities was collected.
RESULTS: Majority patients, were males (62%), from rural areas (59%), married (75%), in age group between 20-60 years (75%), below poverty line(61%), low educated, and labourers(37%). 7.6% were HIV infected, 10.2% patients had diabetes mellitus, 13.7% patients were using corticosteroids for treatment of other chronic illness, 26.4% patients were malnourished.
CONCLUSION: The present study reveals that various demographic, socioeconomic and clinical risk factors have a potential role in causation of pulmonary Tuberculosis, and hence prevention and timely management of these risk factors could be helpful to reduce the burden of disease.
KEY WORDS - Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Risk factors, co morbidities.
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i5.222
