Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem. Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is common in our community but it is relatively neglected, due to greater challenges in diagnosis. Clinical manifestations of childhood TB differ from adults. The diagnosis in most cases is based on clinical evidence but chest X-ray, Mantoux test and sputum/gastric sample microscopy are important supporting investigations.
Objective
1) To study the clinical profile of TB.
2) To determine incidence of extra-pulmonary TB in children.
3) To know MGIT sensitivity in diagnosis of Tuberculosis.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted among admitted and OPD patients in the department of Pediatrics over a period of 1 year. Clinically suspected cases of TB in the age group 0-14 years who met the diagnostic criteria made the study group. Refusal of consent by parent and children already on TB treatment were excluded from this study. Investigations like chest X-ray, Mantoux test, sputum/gastric aspirate microscopy and MGIT were done to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
Results: The incidence of tuberculosis was found 36/10000. Pulmonary tuberculosis was more common (53.9%) than extra pulmonary (35.3%) tuberculosis. BCG scar was present in 87.42%. History of contact was present in 41.2% and Mantoux test was positive in 51.98%. MGIT sensitivity was 30% in our study. The most common symptoms were fever (79.4%), anorexia (61%) and cough (59%).
Conclusion: This study supports that detailed history, clinical evaluation and active investigative workup has a major role in diagnosing childhood tuberculosis.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Children, Mantoux, BCG, MGIT.
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i5.39
