Abstract
Background -There is scarcity of data regarding CAD and the outcome following PCI in young south Indian population. We sought to analyze the clinical, coronary angiographic features and outcome in young adults(≤45 years of age) with CAD who underwent PCI and also to compare that between young male and female patients .
Methods- Angiographic and clinical data from total 150 patients aged ≤ 45 years of which, 110 male patients who underwent PCI from January 2014 to January 2016 were compared to age-matched 40 female patients in our centre . All patients were treated according to guidelines. 1, 6 and 12 months clinical follow-up were performed in all patients. Coronary angiography was performed only if patients were symptomatic or TMT positive.
Results –CAD risk factors were more prevalent in young male patients, Diabetes mellitus was found in 32.72%, hypertension (34.54%), dyslipidemia (36.36%), smoking (38.18%), tobacco consumption (21.81%) and hyperhomocysteinemia (23.63%) as compared to female group(17.5%,20%,12.5%,0%,5%,12.5% respectively). Family history of CAD was found to be higher in female patients as compared to males (40% vs 6.36%; p =0.000). Single vessel disease was found to be common among female patients(60% vs 40.92%) and Double vessel disease was common among male patients( 44.5% vs 22.5%). The male patients had higher rate of inhospital MACE(4.54% vs 0%; p=0.170 ). Incidence of adverse events in young male patients at one year were not different from those in young females, including MI (1.81% vs 2.5%), cardiac death (1.81% vs 2.5%), TLR (7.27% vs 2.5%),TVR (1.81% vs 0%); all p=NS.
Conclusion - CAD risk factors and Multi vessel disease were more common in young male patients as compared to young female patients. Family history of CAD and single vessel lesions were more common in young female patients compared to young males with CAD . The in-hospital MACE was higher in young male patients and follow-up incidences of major adverse cardiac events were almost similar between the two groups.
Keywords: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery disease (CAD), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), myocardial infarction (MI),target lesion revascularization (TLR),target vessal revascularization (TVR).
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i2.117
