Title: Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions: A Two Years Retrospective Study From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Sub Himalayan Region
Authors: Dr Saru Thakur, Dr Mudita Gupta, Dr Gr Tegta, Dr Samriti Sood, Dr Kuldeep Verma
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i2.94
Abstract
A wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations can be produced by drugs.
Aim: To determine the clinicoepidemiological pattern of drug eruptions and their causative agents in indoor patients.
Methods: Sixty patients who were admitted indermatology ward with cutaneous adverse reactions were included in this study from January 2015 to December 2016. Demographic characteristics, drug suspected, duration between drug intake and onset of reaction, route, medical history, physical examination, laboratory investigations were recorded.
Results: Male to female ratio was 1.22: 1. The mean age group of patients was 45±3.4 years. Interval between the drug intake by both oral and intravenous routes had a mean of 25.6± 4.94 days. Most common presentation was maculopapular rash seen in 21 patients (35%) followed by exfoliative dermatitis. Overall, the most common offending drugs were antibiotics as a whole seen in 27 patients (45%) followed by antiepileptic group in 13 patients (21.6%). Abnormal eosinophil counts were seen in 17 patients (28.3%). Liver function abnormalities were seen in 15 patients (25%). Rare presentations were anaphylaxis to paracetamol, photosensitivity to erlotinib and Acute Generalized exanthematous pustulosis to anti tubercular drugs. Outcome was favourable in 95% patients.
Conclusion: Detailed warnings should be issued to patients prohibiting future use of same or related drugs. In case of generalized severe drug rash early institution of steroids reduces morbidity and mortality
Key words: adverse cutaneous drug reaction, clinico epidemiological pattern.
