Abstract
The disorders of thyroid disease are most common in female population compared to male population. Maximum number of patients were in the second to fifth decade.
Patients of benign multinodular goitre formed the largest proportion of the cases in our study. The second most striking comparison was the possibility of detecting solitary nodules. Ultrasound was able to detect an increase in gland size. Both microcalcification and macrocalcification were detected only by ultrasound study but could not be detected by radionuclide study. Ultrasound was able to detect lymph node metastasis.
Ultrasound was able to detect cystic degeneration. The most striking finding on radionuclide scanning was the presence of hot / cold nodules which helps in depicting the functional nature of the gland.
Radionuclide scan was able to detect ectopic thyroid gland as well as accessory thyroid tissues more correctly but ultrasound was less sensitive in detecting Radionuclide scan was able to predict correctly, the distant metastasis to the skull which was not possible by ultrasound.
Functional adenomas were seen as hot solitary nodules with decreased activity by its rest of the glands in a case of compensatory adenoma and in decompensatory adenoma the affected lobe is so highly uptake activity that the contralateral lobe of the thyroid gland showed almost no uptake pattern. So radionuclide scan helps in identifying the functional adenomas.
In cases of thyroiditis, radioisotope scans showed very less uptake which shows the destruction of the gland cells. So radioisotope study better detect the functional status of the gland in case of thyroiditis. However, overall diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound is 76.66% as compared to 60% by radionuclide scanning. But both studies were found to be complimentary to each other in the detection of thyroid abnormalities.
Keywords- Thyroid Disorders
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v3i11.34
