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Category: Volume 11 Issue 12 December 2023
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Title: COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Literature Review from Pathogenesis to Diagnosis

Authors: Kashif Raza, Naushin Alam, Shahana, Makseena Khatoon, Mohd Arsalan, Bhawna

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v11i12.24

Abstract

After the first case of COVID-19 emerged in China on December 8, 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quickly spread throughout the world. Although the illness is typically thought to be a respiratory infection, cases of severe, perhaps fatal cardiac damage have been linked to this virus. By attaching themselves to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor, coronaviruses can harm cardiac myocytes. Among COVID-19-affected patients, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy are common cardiac clinical symptoms.

It Is possible to observe certain heart abnormalities both during and after an infection. Myoglobin, troponin, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), plasma interleukin-6, and N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) have all been observed to be elevated in COVID-19-associated cardiac damage. Electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), endomyocardial biopsies, echocardiography (Echo), and computerized tomography (CT-Scan) are the diagnostic modalities employed in cases of myocardial damage caused by COVID-19. This review of the literature will go into great detail about the etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of COVID-19-related myocardial damage.

Keywords: troponin, echocardiography, dysrhythmia, myocarditits, acute myocardial infection,sars-cov-2,COVID-19,cardiovascular insult,myocardial injuries.

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Corresponding Author

Kashif Raza

Faculty, Department of Paramedical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India