Title: A study of triglyceride glucose index (TyG Index) as a predictor, in macro‑ and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dr Araveinth.G, Dr Badrinath A K, Dr Karthik J
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v10i3.02
Abstract
Introduction: Poor glycemic control is commonly assessed by HbA1c levels. In resource limited setting and as a cost effective approach, Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index can also be used as a marker for glycemic control and to predict the complication of diabetes mellitus. It is more cost effective and can be calculated manually with fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels.
Aims: To find the association between Triglyceride Glucose index (TyG index) and HbA1c levels in assessing the micro and macro vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.
Methods: Total of 60 diabetic patients admitted in our hospital were included and they were grouped into 4 categories according to their HbA1c and TyG values. Presence of micro vascular complications including diabetic retinopathy, elevated protein creatinine ratio, decreased eGFR, abnormal monofilament test and macro vascular complication including reduced ankle brachial pressure index and ischemic changes in ECG and ECHO were noted. Presence of these diabetic complications were compared with the TyG and HbA1c level.
Results: Among 60 patients enrolled in the study, 46 patients (76.66%) had atleast one complication and only 14 patients (23.33%) are without any complication. As the TyG and HbA1c level progressed, patients having both microvascular and macrovascular complications increased [(TyG Group I - 20% vs TyG Group IV- 62.6%) and (HbA1c group I – 35% vs HbA1c Group IV- 50%)] and percentage of patients without any complications decreased [(TyG group I-40% vs TyG group IV-12.5%) and (HbA1c group I -35.71% vs HbA1c group IV -16.66%)].
Conclusion: Increased TyG index might be a cost effective predictor of complication of diabetes mellitus when compared to HbA1c levels and can be used in addition to HbA1C to offer additional benefit for predicting complications.
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