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Category: Volume 09 Issue 12 December 2021
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Title: Echocardiographic Evaluation of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Correlation with Disease Severity

Authors: Dr Jesinkumar.C, Dr Manoj.D.K, Dr Muhammad Shafeek.K, Dr Rajani.M, Dr Padmanabhan.K.V

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i12.40

Abstract

The heart and the respiratory system are closely related anatomically and functionally. Dysfunction of one of these systems can influence the function of the other. Cardiovascular comorbidities are the most common comorbidity found in COPD patients. Objectives of the sudy are to assess the cardiovascular changes secondary to COPD by echocardiography & to find out the correlation between echocardiographic findings and severity of COPD

Methodology: It was a Hospital based cross-sectional study.Study samples were COPD patients attending the Department of Respiratory medicine during the study period.

Patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria Detailed history, general and systemic examination was done.All routine investigations were done as needed. Patients were investigated by spirometry and diagnosed and classified according to GOLD guidelines .Severity of COPD were classified according to GOLD criteria into groups A, B, C or D. All patients were subjected to resting two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in Department of Cardiology.

Statistical Procedure: Descriptive statistical tools like frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used. Inferential statistical tools like t test, chi square test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used.

Results: Total 144 patients were included.120  males and 24 females. Out of these 144 patients, 65 patients had no pulmonary hypertension. 53 had mild PH, 12 had moderate PH and 14 had severe PH. Among the other echo findings, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (47 patients) was the most common. 7 patients had left ventricular systolic dysfunction and 3 patients had left ventricular hypertrophy.

Conclusion: COPD is associated with numerous cardiovascular co morbidities in the North Malabar area of Kerala. Echo is a portable, non-invasive method and accurate method that can act as a valuable tool in the evaluation of COPD patients.

Keywords: Echo Cardiography, COPD, Right Ventricular Function.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Rajani.M

Professor, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Govt Medical College, Kannur, Kerala, India