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Category: Volume 09 Issue 12 December 2021
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Title: The outcome of tetanus patients in BITID from July 2016 to September 2017

Authors: Dr Ayesha Begum, Professor Dr M.A. Hassan Chowdhury, Dr A. K. M. Harun-Ar-Rashid, Dr Abdur Rahman4, Dr Salma Akhter, Dr A.T. M. Rezaul Karim, Dr Mohammad Shaha Alam, Dr A. H. M. Azgar Ali Chowdhury, Dr Saifur Rahman

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i12.37

Abstract

Background: Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection caused by the Clostridium tetani bacterium. It is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust.

Methods: The hospital medical records of patients of BITID from July 2016 to September 2017 were collected& 41 cases of tetanus patient were admitted in BITID. Patients were categorized into 4(four) groups having age range of 0-28 days, 1 month to 12 years, 13 years to 18 years, 19 years to 60 years above respectively.

Results: Among 41 cases, 29 (70.73%) were male & 12 (29.26%) were female with a ratio of 2.3:1. Male were found mostly affected in tetanus. There were 9 (26.8%) were neonatal tetanus, 11 (26.8%) were childhood tetanus (1 month-12 years), 4(9.7%) were 13- 18 years&17 (41.4%) were adult tetanus. Age group IV (41.4%) was the most vulnerable group followed by group II (26.8%),1 (21.95%) & III (9.7%). 3 (7.3%) patients were immunized & 38 (92.68%) patient were non-immunized. In case of neonatal tetanus there were 100% of mothers were non-immunized against tetanus. 31(75.6%) patients were coming from rural &10(24.39%) urban area. Among 41 patients, 25 patients were discharged, 14 patients were died &2 patients referred to IDH, Mohakhali Dhaka 1/1 for ICU support.

Conclusion: Unlike many infectious diseases tetanus patients does not acquired natural immunity against tetanus. So, Tetanus can be prevented by only routine vaccination with tetanus toxoid.

Keywords: Tetanus, neonatal tetanus, immunization.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Ayesha Begum

Assistant Prof. of Pediatrics. Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, Bangladesh